Biology Flashcards
Why do we have enzymes?
To reduce the need for high temperatures and we only have enzymes to speed up the useful chemical reactions in the body
What are enzymes?
Enzymes are biological catalysts produced by living things
What is a catalyst?
A catalyst is a substance which increases the speed of a reaction, without being changed or used up in the reaction
If the active site changes shape the enzyme..
No longer works. It becomes denatured
If the active site doesn’t change shape the enzyme is..
Reused
What does optimum temperature mean?
Where the enzyme is most active (37 degrees)
A high temperature increases the rate of reaction, but if the enzyme gets too hot..
The bonds holding the enzyme together break
What PH do enzymes work best at?
PH 7 neutral
A too high or too low PH can change the shape of the enzyme causing..
The enzyme to be denatured
What do amylase enzymes do?
Convert starch into sugars
What is the formula for amylase enzymes?
Starch - Maltose
Where are amylase enzymes made in?
Salivary Glands
Pancreas
Small Intestine
What do the protease enzymes do?
Convert proteins into amino acids
What is the formula for protease enzymes?
Proteins - Amino acids
Where are protease enzymes made?
Stomach (pepsin)
Pancreas
Small Intestine
