Biology Flashcards
what is an enzyme?
an enzyme is a biological catalyst produced by living things.
how does the enzyme reaction work?
an enzyme has an active site which matches with a substrate, these piece together like a jigsaw and then the substrate breaks down but the enzyme is intact
what affects an enzyme?
the right temperature and the right ph
what happens if an enzyme doesnt have the right temperature or ph?
if an enzyme doesnt have the right temperature or ph it will become denatured
what is the temperature an enzyme works best at in the human body?
37 degrees
what ph is most common for enzymes to work best?
neutral 7
what is amylase?
amaylase is an enzyme which breaks down starch into maltose
what is protease
protease is an enzyme which breaks down proteins into amino acids
what is lipase?
lipase is an enzyme which breaks down lipids into glycerol and fatty acids.
where is amylase produced?
1) the salivary glands
2) the pancreas
3) the small intestine
where is protease produced?
1) the stomach (called pepsin here)
2) the pancreas
3) the small intestine
where is lipase?
1) the pancreas
2) the small intestine
where is bile produced, stored and used?
produced in the liver
stored in the gall bladder
used in the small intestine
why does the stomach produce hydrochloric acid?
- kill bacteria
2. to give the right pH for protease to work
word equation for aerobic respiration?
glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide +water + energy
