Biology 3.1 The importance of ATP

Question 1

What is catabolism?

Answer 1

Where complex substances are broken down into smaller, simpler molecules.

Question 2

What is anabolism?

Answer 2

Where smaller molecules are built up to form larger, more complex molecules.

Question 3

Why is ATP ideally suited to its role?

Answer 3

1: It is inert
2: It can pass out of the mitochondria into the cytoplasm
3: It releases energy efficiently
4: It releases energy in useable quantities, so little is wasted as heat.
5: It is easily hydrolysed to release energy.
6: It is readily reformed by phosphorylation.

Question 4

What is the general structure of ATP?

Answer 4

Pentose sugar
Nitrogenous base
Three phosphate groups joined together.

Question 5

How is chemiosmosis similar in the mitochondrion and the chloroplast?

Answer 5

1: ETC/ redox reactions along it
2: Proton pumps
3: Stalked particles
4: ATP synthetase
5: Final electron acceptor
6: Electron donor