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Biology > Biology 3 Bimester Exam > Flashcards

Biology 3 Bimester Exam Flashcards

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1
Q

White blood cells

A

Protect your body from illness and infection, some attack viruses, fungi, bacteria, and parasites that invade your body

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2
Q

Muscle cell

A

Contracting and relaxing

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3
Q

Sperm cell

A

Male sex cell formed in testis

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4
Q

Ovum cell

A

Female sex cell form in ovary

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5
Q

Fertilization

A

During this process the sperm and the ovum join together

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6
Q

Neuron

A

A nerve cell’s projection that cab send signals over lobg distances

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7
Q

Cell theory

A
  • States that all living things are made of one or more cells
  • All new cells come from a preexisting cell
  • Cell is the smallest unit in life
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8
Q

Macromolecules

A

Formed by joining many small molecules together

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9
Q

Nucleic acids

A

Macromolecules that form when long chains of molecules called nucleotides join together

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10
Q

Proteins

A

Long chains of amino acid molecules

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11
Q

Lipid

A

Large macromolecule that does not dissolve in water

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12
Q

Carbohydrates

A

Fat; one or more chains of sugar molecules make up carbohydrates

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13
Q

Passive transport

A

Is the movement of substances through a membrane without usiing cell’s energy

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14
Q

Diffusion

A

The movement of a substance from an area o high concentration to an area of low concentration

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15
Q

Facilitated diffusion

A

Molecules pass through a membrane using special proteins called transport proteins

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16
Q

Osmosis

A

The diffusion of water only through a membrane

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17
Q

Active transport

A

The movement of substances that use cell’s energy

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18
Q

Endocytosis

A

Process in which a cell takes in substances by sorrounding

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19
Q

Exocytosis

A

Process in which cell’s vesicles release contents to the outside

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20
Q

Difference between smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum

A

Rough contains ribosomes

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21
Q

Centriole

A

Organize the microtubules during cell’s division

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22
Q

Nucleus

A

Contains genetic info stored in the dna

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23
Q

Vesicle

A

Ball like structures, form a billayer

24
Q

Mitochondria

A

The site for cellular respiration and producers of energy

Releases energy in a cell

25
Q

Cytoskeleton

A

Short, hairlike structures that gives framework to a cell and helps it move

26
Q

Vacuole

A

Store food and waterr

27
Q

Golgi

A

The responsible of storing and packaging of cellular products

28
Q

Cell membrane

A

Protects the inside of the cell and decides what can come in and out

29
Q

Lysosome

A

Digest cellular waste

30
Q

Ribosomes

A

Made of rna and proteins site of protein synthesis

Proteins are made there

31
Q

Chloroplast

A

Release chlorophyll and makes food by photosynthesis

32
Q

Carbohydrates

A

Some of the essential macromoleculws that are essential to cell function

33
Q

Monosaccharides

A

Made of only one sugar compound

34
Q

Lipid

A

Important monosaccharide/ helps fuel cellular respiration

35
Q

Disaccharide

A

Made of two sugars: glucose and fructose

36
Q

Sucrose

A

Easy to digest and quick source of energy for the body

37
Q

Polysaccharide

A

When several sugars combine they form this
Can be hundredss of simple sugars
Form long chains called starches

38
Q

Starches

A

Found in grains, corn and potatoes

Healthier, longer-lasting source of energy for the body than sucrose

39
Q

Cellulose

A

Is a polysaccharide that supports a plants cell
Walls
It adds strength and thoughness to a tree’s trunk, branches, roots, and leaves

40
Q

Structural polysaccharide

A

Cellulose

41
Q

Cellulose is found in…

A

Plant cells not in animal

42
Q

Role that water play in cell survival

A

Protective membrane
Communication
Store energy

43
Q

Carbohydrates play in health of a cell

A

Store energy, provide structural support, are needed for communication between cells
Is the main source of energy

44
Q

Lipids dont…

A

Dissolve in water

45
Q

Cellular respiration

A

Series of chemical reactions that convert energy in fiif molecules into a form of energy called ATP

46
Q

Glycolysis

A

Process by which glucose: a sugar: is broken down. Into small molecules

47
Q

Fermentation

A

Reaction that euka and proka cells can use ti obtain energy from food when oxygen levels are low

48
Q

Photosynthesis

A

Series of chemical reactions that convert sunlight, water and carbon dioxide into food-energy molecule glucose and give off oxygen

49
Q

Some info about fermentation

Cytoplasm

A 
Chemical reaction: 
Lactic acid; C6H12O6(glucose)----> ATP+lactic acid
Alchoholic;
Glucose---->ATP+CO2(carbon dioxide) + alchohol
Energy source: glucose
Subs used: LA AF
Subs formed: ATP+lactic acid 
ATP+CO2+alchohol
50
Q

Some info about cellular respiration

Mitochondria

A 
Chemical reaction:
C6H12O6----> 6CO2+6H2O+ATP
Energy source: glucose 
Subs used: glucose plus oxygen
Subs formed: CO2, H20, ATP
51
Q

Some info about photosynthesis

Chloroplast

A

6CO2+6H2O—->C6H12O6+6CO2
Energy source: solar energy
Subs used: CO2, H2O
Subs formed: glucose and oxygen

52
Q

Cell wall

A

Stiff structure outside the cell membrane

53
Q

What is an indicator

A

Is a substances that chances color in the prescense of the substance it indicates

54
Q

2 example of indicators

A

Iodine

Bromthymol blue

55
Q

Andenoise triphosphate

A

Fuel for cellular processes such as growth, cell material, material transport

56
Q

Red blood cells

A

Carry oxygen and travel to small blood vessels

Biology (3 decks)

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