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college 2014 > Biology > Flashcards

Biology Flashcards

0
Q

Organelles

A

Things inside a cell

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1
Q

What do all living things have in common?

A 
Order
Regulation
Growth
Energy
Response to envi
Reproduction
Evolution
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2
Q

What are the three domains of life?

A

Bacteria
Archaea
Eukarya
Protists

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3
Q

What domain is the kingdom fungi, animalia, and plantae found in?

A

Eukarya

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4
Q

What is the scope of life in order?

A 
Biosphere 
Ecosystem 
Communities 
Populations 
Organisms
Organ and system
Tissues 
Cells organelles and atoms
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5
Q

The process of science

A

Science is a way of knowing, developed from curiosity, and seeks causes for natural phenomena

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6
Q

List the process of the scientific method

A 
Observation
Question
Hypothesis
Predection
Test
Results 
Conclusion
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7
Q

Cell theory

A

All living things are made up of cells and all cells come from other cells

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8
Q

Cells were first described by who? And why?

A

By Robert Hooke in 1665 because it reminded him of little rooms

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9
Q

All cells have what basic features

A

Bound by plasma membrane
DNA
ribosomes and chromosomes

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10
Q

Only eukaryotic cells have…

A

Organelles

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11
Q

What is a orangelle.

A

A membrane-bound structure that performs specific functions

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12
Q

Prokaryotes

A

Lack internal structures surrounded by membranes

Lack a nucleus, and Have a rigid cell wall

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13
Q

What do plant cells have that animal cells don’t

A

Protective cell walls
Chloroplasts
Central vacuole

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14
Q

The plasma membrane is a fluid mosaic:

A

Fluid because molecules can move freely past one another

A mosaic because of the diversity of proteins in the membrane

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15
Q

What are ribosomes and what do they do?

A

Ribosome components are made in the nucleolus but assembled in the cytoplasm and are responsible for protein synthesis.

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16
Q

What do the lipids belong to?

A

special category called phospholipids which form a two-layered membrane, the phospholipid bilayer.

17
Q

The nucleus is bordered by a double membrane called…

A

the nuclear envelope.

18
Q

Ribosomes (the small blue dots)

A

Synthesise protein by mixing the mRNA and protein

19
Q

mRNA

A

Carries the genetic message form the DNA to the ribosomes

20
Q

ER

A

Makes molecules.

21
Q

Rough ER

A

Studded with ribosomes and transports protein by pinching off into a vesicle

22
Q

Chlorophyll

A

A light absorbing molecule in chloroplasts that converts solar energy into chemical energy

22
Q

Photosynthesis equation

A

Carbon dioxide+water+light energy+glucose+oxygen gas

6co2 6H2O C6H12o6 6o2

22
Q

Autotrophs

A

Self feeders

22
Q

Cellular respiration

A

The main way chemical energy is harvested from food and converted into ATP

22
Q

Where does cellular respiration take place?

A

The Mitochondria

22
Q

What are the three stages of cellular respiration?

A

Glycolysis
The citric acid cycle
Electron transport

22
Q

Mitosis

A

Growth
Repair
Asexual reproduction

22
Q

Meiosis

A

Sexual reproduction

22
Q

What happens during cell devision?

A

Each daughter cell gets a set of chromosomes

22
Q

What is cell decision?

A

It replaces damaged cells by dividing into and making a copy of itself

22
Q

The cell cycle consists of two distinct phases:

A

Interphase

Mitonic phase

22
Q

During Interphase a cell:

A

Double everything

23
Q

During mitosis the mitosis spindle;

A

Guides the separation of two sets of daughter chromosomes

24
Q

What happens during glycolysis?

A

Glucose is broken in half and donate high energy and can make two ATP per glucose.

25
Q

Which stage of cellular respiration produces the most ATP?

A

Electron transport

26
Q

What does anaerobic mean?

A

Without oxygen

27
Q

What is a waste product of photosynthesis?

A

Glucose and O2

28
Q

Which stages of cellular respiration take place in the mitochondria?

A

The citric acid cycle

The electron transport

29
Q

Glycolysis produces ATP even without—-

A

O2

30
Q

Mitosis cycle

A 
Interphase 
Prophase 
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase and cytokinesis

college 2014 (5 decks)

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