Biology 2.2.3: Carbohydrates 1: Sugar

Question 1

what is the function of sugars?

Answer 1

• used as energy stores and sources
• structural materials

Question 2

what types of sugars are energy stores?

Answer 2

glycogen + starch cellulose

Question 3

what type of sugar is an energy source?

Answer 3

glucose

Question 4

what are monosaccharides and what is their general formula?

Answer 4

simple sugars
(CH2O)n - n can be any number 3-7

Question 5

what are disaccharides?

Answer 5

double sugars formed from two monosaccharides

Question 6

what are polysaccharides?

Answer 6

large molecules formed from many monosaccharides

Question 7

what are the properties of monosaccharides?

Answer 7

soluble in water, sweet tasting, form crystals

Question 8

structure and function of glucose:

Answer 8

hexose sugar, general formula C6H12O6
main energy source for most cells
exists in the form of alpha glucose and beta glucose

Question 9

structure and function of pentose:

Answer 9

made of 5 carbon atoms, structural isomers are ribose + deoxyribose

Question 10

how are disaccharides formed?

Answer 10

through a condensation reaction; water molecule is lost and an alpha 1-4 glycosidic bond is formed. 04

Question 11

what monosaccharides form maltose?

Answer 11

glucose + glucose

Question 12

what monosaccharides form sucrose?

Answer 12

glucose + fructose

Question 13

what monosaccharides form lactose?

Answer 13

galactose + glucose