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Science Exam GR 9 > Biology > Flashcards

Biology Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

*LABEL BIOMES ON THE MAP OF CANADA*

A

.

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2
Q

Abiotic

A

Non-living parts of an ecosystem

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2
Q

Acid Precipitation

A

Precipitation that has been made more acidic by the combination of a chemical in the air and water vapor

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2
Q

*REVIEW BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES*

A
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3
Q

Atmosphere

A

Layer of gases above the Earth

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4
Q

Bioaccumulation

A

The concentration of a substance (Pesticide) in the body of a organism

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5
Q

Bioamplification

A

The increase in concentration of a substance such as a pesticide as it moves higher up the food web

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6
Q

Biodiversity

A

The variety of life in a particular ecosystem

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7
Q

Biogeochemical Cycle

A

Cycles where chemicals are used for different processes

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8
Q

Biomass

A

The mass of organisums

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9
Q

Biome

A

A large region defined by it’s climate and biotic and abiotic features

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10
Q

Bioremediation

A

A waste management technique that uses organisms to remove or neutralize pollutants from a contaminated site

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10
Q

Biosphere

A

Where living things are

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11
Q

Biotic

A

Living part of an ecosystem

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12
Q

Carbon Cycle

A

The movement of carbon through the enviorment

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12
Q

Broad-Spectrum Pesticide

A

A pesticide that is effective against many types of pests

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14
Q

Carrying Capacity

A

The maximum population an ecosystem can withstand

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15
Q

Cellular Respiration

A

Process animals use to obtain energy from glucose

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17
Q

Clear Cutting

A

The removal of all the trees in a certain area

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18
Q

Consumer

A

Get energy from consuming other organisums

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18
Q

DDT

A

a type of pesticide

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19
Q

Decomposer

A

Break down dead organisms and waste

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20
Q

Ecosystem

A

Complex self-regulating system in which living things interact with non-living factors

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20
Q

Ecological Pyramid

A

Shows how much matter or energy is present at each trophic energy level

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21
Q

Endangered

A

A species facing imminent extirpation or extinction

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22
Q

Equilibrium

A

The conditions remain relatively constant over time

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23
Q

Erosion

A

The wearing away of the Earth’s surface

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24
Q

Eutrophic

A

A body of water that is rich in nutrients

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25
Q

Extinct

A

A species that has died out an no longer occurs on Earth

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26
Q

Extirpated

A

A species that no longer exists in a specific area

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28
Q

Food Chains

A

Simple model that shows how matter and energy move through an ecosystem

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29
Q

Food Web

A

Shows all possible feeding relationships in a community at each trophic level

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30
Q

Fragmentation

A

Dividing of a region into smaller pieces or fragments

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30
Q

How can humans increase the carrying capacity of an ecosystem?

A
  • Build upwards
  • Increase the amount of water
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31
Q

How do humans disrupt the carbon cycle?

A
  • Deforestation
  • Livestock
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32
Q

How do species survive that live in the intertidal zone?

A

They have hard protective shells and grab onto rocks so they don’t wash away

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33
Q

How does nitrogen get “fixed”?

A
  • Lightening
  • Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria
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34
Q

How does plastic break up in the water?

A

UV Rays and Waves

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35
Q

Hydrosphere

A

Liquid part of the Earth

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36
Q

Intertidal Zone

A

The area between high and low tide

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38
Q

Invasive Species

A

Species that have become established outside of their natural range

38
Q

Introduced Species

A

A species that is new to an area and has somehow made it into another part of the world. All non-native species.

39
Q

Leaching

A

The process by which nutrients are removed from the soil as water passes through it

40
Q

Light Energy

A

Light energy from the sun, used in photosynthesis

41
Q

Limiting Factor

A

Factors that limit the size of a population

42
Q

Lithosphere

A

Solid outer part of the Earth

43
Q

Mangrove

A

A type of tree that grows into the water on the shoreline

44
Q

Name 3 impacts fertilizer has on the environment.

A

1) Nitrogen in our drinking water
2) Soil looses nutrients
3) Algae growth increases

46
Q

Narrow Spectrum Pesticide

A

A pesticide that is effect against only a few types of pests

47
Q

Natural Fertilizer

A

A type of fertilizer made from plants and animal wastes

48
Q

Neutralization

A

When lakes with limestone counteract the acid in the water

49
Q

Nitrogen Cycle

A

The movement of nitrogen through the enviorment

50
Q

Non-target species

A

A species that was not intended to be killed

51
Q

Oligotrophic

A

A body of water that is low in nutrients

52
Q

Permafrost

A

The ground is permanently frozen

53
Q

Pest

A

Anything that competes with,damages or consumes crops

55
Q

Pesticide

A

A substance used to kill a pest INSECTICIDES= Kills insects HERBICIDES= Kills plants

55
Q

Pesticide Resistance

A

When a pesticide is used for a long time and no longer works

57
Q

Photosynthesis

A

How plants obtain energy from the sun and turn them into sugars (glucose)

58
Q

Pollution

A

Harmful contaminents released into the enviorment

59
Q

Primary Succession

A

Succession on newly exposed land

60
Q

Producer

A

Make food using photosynthesis

61
Q

Secondary Succession

A

Succession in a particularity disturbed ecosystem where there is still some life

62
Q

Selective Cutting

A

Selected trees are cut down (In areas where trees are the attraction)

63
Q

Shelterwood Cutting

A

Mature trees are cut down so the smaller ones underneath can grow

64
Q

Special Concern

A

A species that may become threatened or endangered because of a combination of factors

65
Q

Species Richness

A

The number of species in an area

65
Q

Stewardship

A

Taking personal responsibility for the care and management of something

67
Q

Succession

A

The gradual rebuilding of an ecosystem after a disaster

67
Q

Sustainability

A

The ability to maintain an ecological balance

68
Q

Sustainable Ecosystem

A

An ecosystem that can maintain itself through natural processes

70
Q

Thermal Energy

A

Heat energy from the sun

70
Q

Synthetic Fertilizer

A

A type of fertilizer made by humans; Fertilizers manufactured using chemical processes

71
Q

Threatened

A

A species that is likely to become endangered if factors reducing its survival are not changed

73
Q

Tolerance Range

A

The conditions in which a species can survive

74
Q

Trophic Level

A

A level in a pyramid used to show how energy is moved

75
Q

Water Cycle

A

The movement of water through the enviorment

75
Q

Trophic Level

A

The position of an organism in a food chain

77
Q

Water Shed

A

The land area that is drained by a particular river

78
Q

What are 2 ways acid rain affects aquatic ecosystems?

A

1) Makes the water clear
2) Kills organisums

79
Q

What are 3 ways acid precipitation affect terrestrial ecosystems?

A

1) Changes the soil
2) Kills plants
3) Ruins human structures

80
Q

What are the 2 ways to count the species richness?

A

1) Tag animals
2) Count

82
Q

What are the 3 methods of cutting trees?

A

1) Clear cutting
2) Shelterwood Cutting
3) Selective Cutting

82
Q

What are the 3 impacts pesticides have on the environment?

A

1) Non-target species
2) Bioamplification
3) Pesticide Resistance

84
Q

What are the 4 key abiotic factors in a terrestrial ecosystem?

A
  • Light
  • Water
  • Nutrients
  • Tempature
84
Q

What are the 3 ways invasive species can be controlled?

A

1) Biological
2) Chemical
3) Mechanical

86
Q

What are the 4 major biomes in Canada?

A

1) Grasslands
2) Temperate Deciduous Forests
3) Boreal Forest
4) Tundra

86
Q

What are the 4 methods used to clean an oil spill?

A

1) Skimming
2) Burning the oil
3) Dispersal agents
4) Bioremediation

88
Q

What are the 4 ways species invade?

A

1) Backyard Gardens
2) Recreational Boating
3) Canals and Water Diversions
4) Baitfish

88
Q

What are the 5 factors how well a region does after fragmentation?

A

1) Size
2) Number
3) Proximity
4) Connectedness
5) Integrity

90
Q

What are the 5 key abiotic factors in a aquatic ecosystem?

A
  • Light
  • Nutrients
  • Acidity
  • Temperature
  • Salinity
90
Q

What are the 5 types of species interactions?

A

1) Competition
2) Predation
3) Parasitism
4) Mutualism
5) Commensalism

92
Q

What are the Earths Speres? Name all 4

A

1) Biosphere
2) Atmosphere
3) Lithosphere
4) Hydrosphere

94
Q

What defines an ecosystem?

A

Its abiotic and biotic components

95
Q

What is the equation for cellular respiration?

A

Sugar+Oxygen——–>Carbon Dioxide+Water

96
Q

What is the equation for photosynthesis?

A

Carbon Dioxide+Water+Light Energy —–>Sugar+Oxygen

97
Q

What makes an invasive species successful?

A

1) No natural predators or disease
2) Reproduce quickly
3) Can live in many different enviorments

98
Q

Where are coral reefs found?

A

In warm,shallow oceans

99
Q

Where is the Great Pacific Garbage Patch?

A

The North Pacific Ocean

100
Q

Why is it difficult to obtain nitrogen?

A

Nitrogen is bonded to another atom of nitrogen. This is a hard atom to break.

Science Exam GR 9 (4 decks)

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