Biology 210 Chapter 1 Flashcards

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0
Q

Biosphere

A

All environments on earth

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1
Q

Biological Hierarchy

A
Biosphere
Ecosystem 
Community
Population
Organism
Organ and organ systems
Tissue
Cell
Organelle
Molecule
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2
Q

Ecosystem

A

All living and non living things in a particular area

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3
Q

Community

A

All organisms in an ecosystem

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4
Q

Population

A

All individuals of a species in a particular area

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5
Q

Organism

A

An individual living thing

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6
Q

Organ and organ systems

A

Specialized body parts made up of tissues

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7
Q

Tissue

A

A group of similar cells

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8
Q

Cell (biological hierarchy)

A

Life’s fundamental unit of structure and function

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9
Q

Organelle

A

A structural component of a cell

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10
Q

Molecule

A

A chemical structure consisting of atoms

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11
Q

Energy conversion

A

In transformations energy is lost as heat

Energy flows through an ecosystem, entering as light and exiting as heat

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12
Q

Cell (structure and function)

A

Lowest level of organization that can perform all activities of life

The ability of cells to divide is the basis of all reproduction, growth and repair of multicellular organism

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13
Q

Characteristics shared by all cells

A

Enclosed by a membrane

Used D.N.A. as genetic information

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14
Q

Eukaryotic cells (one of two main forms of cells)

A

Are divided into organelles; D.N.A. In nucleus

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15
Q

Prokaryotic cells (one of two main forms of cells)

A

Lack organelles; D.N.A not separated in a nucleus

16
Q

Cells contain

A

D.N.A, heritable information that directs the cells activities

17
Q

D.N.A is the substance of

A

Genes

18
Q

Genes are the

A

Units of inheritance that transmit information from parents to offspring

19
Q

Feedback regulation in Biological systems

A

Regulatory systems ensure a dynamic balance in living systems

Chemical processes are catalyzed (accelerated) by enzymes

Many biological processes are self regulating: the product regulates the process itself

20
Q

Evolution

A

Biologists have names 1.8 million species but estimates total range of 10 to 200 million

21
Q

Taxonomy

A

Branch of biology that names and classifies species into hierarchical order

22
Q

Kingdom and domains

A

Are the broadest units of classification

23
Q

Units of classification

A
Domain 
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
24
Q

Charles Darwin

A

1859, on the origin of species

Darwinism = evolution

25
Q

The origin of species two main points

A

Descent with modification

Natural selection

26
Q

Three domains of life

A

Bacteria (prokaryotes)

Archaea (prokaryotes)

Eukarya (eukaryotes)
Eukaryotes include Protists and the kingdoms plantae, fungi, and animalia

27
Q

Forms of inquiry

A

Discovery science

Hypothesis based science

28
Q

Discovery science

A

Describing nature

29
Q

Hypothesis based science

A

Explaining nature

30
Q

Types of data

A

Quantitative data

Qualitative data

31
Q

Quantitative Data

A

Numerical measurements

32
Q

Qualitative Data

A

Recorded descriptions

33
Q

Limitations of science

A

Sciences seeks natural causes for natural phenomena

Science cannot support or falsify supernatural explanations

34
Q

Scientific theory

A

Broad in scope

General enough to generate new hypothesis

Supported by a large body evidence