biology 2023 Flashcards
Describe how the temperature rise of the water is measured.
use the thermometer (1)
measure the start and end
temperature (of the water) (1)
one reason why this objects give a greater temperature rise.
contains more energy fat /
protein carbohydrate calories
Explain why a bomb calorimeter gives a more accurate value than this equipment
for the energy content of a food sample.
the heat
energy is used to heat the
water
because there is less heat
loss
Name the type of reproduction that produces genetically identical organisms.
asexual
Give one advantage and one disadvantage of growing genetically identical
apple trees.
will have desired
qualities
can’t survive an
environmental change
Devise a method to find the optimum pH of an enzyme that breaks down starch.
mix starch, enzyme and
pH (solution)
use iodine (to test for
starch)
will turn dark blue
State the meaning of the term pathogen
organisms that
cause disease
Explain why antibiotics can be used to treat bacterial infections
they inhibit processes
bacterias are
destroyed
Give one reason why people are short-sighted.
the cornea is too curved
State the treatment for cataracts.
surgery
Describe how messages are sent from the brain to muscles.
by electrical impulses
along a motor neurone
how stem cells produce the cells of an embryo.
stem cells divide by
mitosis
cells differentiate / to
become specialised cells
Discuss the benefits of using these stem cells in medical tratments
- a donor is
not needed
replace -damaged cells
-they will match the tissue
type of the patient
Describe how selective breeding can be used to produce a large population of
animals that are not closely related
-breed animals who are not
genetically similar
-repeat the process over
many generations
Describe how protein synthesis makes viral proteins from this mRNA
-translation occurs
-mRNA binds to the ribosome
-codon codes for one amino
acid
