biology 189 Flashcards

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1
Q

Which of the following produces traits can be adaptions favored by natural selection?

A

genetic variability within a population

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2
Q

What is the science of naming and classifying organisms?

A

taxonomy

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3
Q

Organisms seem so well-suited to their environment because they have inherited characteristics or behaviors, called_______, that enable them to successfully survive and reproduce.

A

adaptations

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4
Q

Heterotroph that obtains energy and nutrients by eating other organisms

A

consumer

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5
Q

Heterotroph that obtains energy and nutrients from wastes and dead organisms

A

decomposer

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6
Q

Autotroph that obtains energy and nutrients from nonliving sources

A

primary producer

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7
Q

What is the basic unit of classification and is denoted by a unique two-part scientific name?

A

species

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8
Q

A change in the genetic makeup of a population over multiple generations can also be referred to as

A

evolution

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9
Q

What is taxonomy?

A

the science of naming and classifying organisms

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10
Q

What are all the types of data and characteristics that scientists can use to help compare evolutionary relationships between organisms?

A

-anatomical features
-cellular attributes
-biochemical aspects
-genetics characteristics

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10
Q

Inherited traits, characteristics, or behaviors that enable an organism to survive and reproduce successfully in its environment are called

A

adaptations

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11
Q

Natural______ is a mechanism of evolution in which certain individuals from a population exhibit enhanced reproductive success based on inherited characteristics.

A

selection

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12
Q

All living organisms are organized into one of ______ domains.

A

three

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13
Q

Each type of organism is assigned a unique, two-part scientific name, which consists of the _____ of the organism.

A

genus and specific descriptor

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14
Q

Evolution is

A

a change in the genetic makeup of a population over time

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15
Q

What uses evidence and experiments to test ideas and answer questions?

A

scientific method

16
Q

When examining evolutionary relationships, taxonomists strive to classify organisms according to ___________.

A

shared common ancestors

17
Q

What are the domain names in the taxonomic hierarchy of life?

A

-archaea
-bacteria
-eukarya

18
Q

What are the steps of the generalized scientific method in order form the first step at the top to the last step at the bottom?

A

-observe and ask questions about something in the natural world
-create a hypothesis to explain your observations and make predictions
-carry out experiment(s) to test the hypothesis and collect data
-analyze your data and draw conclusion

19
Q

What are the types of data and characteristics that scientists can use to help compare evolutionary relationships between organisms?

A

-genetic characteristics
-cellular attributes
-biochemical aspects
-anatomical features

20
Q

Inherited traits, characteristics, or behaviors that enable an organism to survive and reproduce successfully in its environment are called_____.

A

adaptations

21
Q

In the scientific method, what is a hypothesis?

A

a tentative explanation fro an observation

22
Q

In the scientific method, a(n) ______ is an investigation carried out under controlled conditions to test a hypothesis.

A

experiment

23
Q

Each type of organism is assigned a unique, two-part scientific name, which consists of the ______ of the organism.

A

genus and specific descriptor

24
Q

In general, what is true regarding sample size in scientific experiments?

A

the larger the sample size, the more credible the results.

25
Q
A