Biology Flashcards
The seven key characteristics of living things (MRSGREN)
- Movement
- Respiration
- Sensitivity
- Growth
- Reproduction
- Excretion
- Nutrition
What are all living things made up of?
Cells
Animal Cell - what does the cell membrane do?
It’s a barrier that controls what comes in and out of the cell
Animal Cell - what does cytoplasm do?
Jelly-like substance where chemical reactions take place
Animal Cell - what does the nucleus do?
Controls the cell and contains genetic material
Animal Cell - what does mitochondria do?
Where respiration happens
Similar between plant and animal cell
- Cell membrane
- Cytoplasm
- Nucleus
- mitochondria
How to calculate total magnification of a microscope
Eyepiece lens X object lens
How do cells make more of themselves
Cell division
Name some specialised animal cells
Blood cells, nerve cells, muscle cells, sperm cells
Name some plant cells
Root hair cells, palisade (leaf) cell
How do substances move in and out of cells
Diffusion - movement of particles from high concentration to low concentration
Why do plants wilt
Without enough water the vacuole shrinks, and the stem becomes floppy
What is a multicellular organism
An organism formed of multiple cells, e.g. nerve, blood, muscle
What is a uni-cellular organism
Organism made of of one cell, e.g. amoeba
What is a tissue
A group of similar cells that work together to perform a function
What is an organ
A group of tissue that performs a function
What is an organ system
A group of different organs working together
Give examples of organ systems
- circulatory
- respiratory
- reproductive
- digestive
- skeletal
- immune
What are the main bones in the human body
- Skull
- Spine
- Chest
- Arms
- Hands
- Pelvis
- Legs
- Feet
Four functions of the skeleton
- Support body
- Protect organs
- Help movement
- Make blood cells
Acronym: Superman - Protects - His - Mum
What are joints
They connect to bones together
