Biology Flashcards
What is the basic unit of life?
Cell
True or False: All living organisms are made up of cells.
True
What is the process by which plants make their own food?
Photosynthesis
Fill in the blank: The powerhouse of the cell is the __________.
Mitochondria
What is the function of the cell membrane?
To protect the cell and regulate what enters and leaves.
Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?
Ribosome
What is the genetic material found in cells?
DNA
True or False: Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus.
False
What is the main purpose of the chloroplast?
To conduct photosynthesis.
What are the four macromolecules essential for life?
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a type of lipid? A) Glucose B) Starch C) Phospholipid D) Amino Acid
C) Phospholipid
What is the role of enzymes in biological reactions?
To act as catalysts and speed up the reactions.
Fill in the blank: The process of cell division is called __________.
Mitosis
True or False: DNA is made up of amino acids.
False
What is the term for an organism’s observable traits?
Phenotype
Multiple Choice: Which structure controls the activities of the cell? A) Cell wall B) Nucleus C) Cytoplasm D) Ribosome
B) Nucleus
What is the function of the large central vacuole in plant cells?
To store nutrients and waste products.
What is a mutation?
A change in the DNA sequence.
True or False: All mutations are harmful.
False
What is the name of the process by which organisms change over time?
Evolution
Fill in the blank: The basic unit of heredity is called a __________.
Gene
What is the function of the ribosome?
To synthesize proteins.
Multiple Choice: What type of bond holds the two strands of DNA together? A) Ionic B) Hydrogen C) Covalent D) Metallic
B) Hydrogen
What is the term for a group of cells that work together to perform a specific function?
Tissue
True or False: The cell theory states that all cells arise from pre-existing cells.
True
What is the role of the Golgi apparatus?
To modify, sort, and package proteins and lipids.
