Biology Flashcards
How is the coronary artery blood flow of swine like humans?
Right-side dominant and does not have pre-existing collateral circulation. Blood flow 90% similar
Describe the electrophysiological system of the swine heart and Purkinje fibers.
More neurogenic than myogenic. Prominent Purkinje fibers.
Where does the left azygos (hemizygous) drain? How can this drainage be manipulated?
Drains the intercostal vessels into the coronary sinus, unlike most other species. Vessel can be ligated or blocked with a balloon catheter to provide total coronary venous drainage into coronary sinus.
What does the swine aorta possess that is similar to humans?
A true vaso vasorum.
What is the torus pyloricus?
A muscular outpouching near the pylorus.
While do the bile and pancreatic ducts enter? Describe the distinctions between segments of the small intestine.
Separately, in the proximal portion of the duodenum. Anatomic divisions are indistinct.
The mesenteric vessel branches in what portion of the small intestine? As opposed to where in other species?
Sub-serosa, as opposed to mesentery in other species.
Describe the structure of swine lymph nodes.
Inverted, with germinal centers in the internal portion of the node.
Where is the thymus found in the pig? What is its appearance?
At ventral midline of trachea by thoracic inlet, as opposed to proximal to larynx. Majority located in neck. Has fused lobes and appears as a single organ.
How many parathyroid glands do pigs have and where are they located?
Single pair, located in medial aspect of thymus near larynx.
What does the bilobed pancreas surround?
Superior mesenteric vein.
How is the liver organized in the pig?
Into lobules by microscopic fibrous septae.
Swine, unlike ruminants, do not require what elemental mineral in their diets? How are the relevant amino acids related?
Sulfur, when adequate sulfur-containing amino acids (methionine and cysteine) are available. Cysteine can be synthesized from methionine, so methionine alone can meet the requirements.
What is the most biologically active amino acid isomer?
L-isomer.
