Biology Flashcards
What is the basic unit of life
The cell
What is the process by which cells divide
Mitosis
What molecule carries genetic information
Dna
What is the powerhouse of the cell
Mitochondria
What are the building blocks of proteins
Amino acids
What is the process of converting sunlight into chemical energy
photosynthesis
What is the term for a change in a DNA sequence
Mutation
What is the main pigment involved in photosynthesis
Chlorophyll
What is the term for the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane
Osmosis
What are the two stages of photosynthesis
Light dependent reactions and calvin cycle
what is the process by which organisms maintain a stable internal environment
homeostasis
what is the primary function of ribosomes
protein synthesis
what is the semi fluid substance inside the cell memebrane
cytoplasm
what is the process by which cells obtain energy from glucose
cellular respiration
what organelle is responsible for photosynthesis
chloroplast
what is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane bound organelles; eukaryotic cells have them
what is the term for organisms that can make their own food
autotrophs
what is the role of enzymes in biological reactions
they act as catalysts to speed up reactions
what is the genetic material in viruses
either DNA or RNA
what is the fluid mosaic model
a description of the cell membrane structure, depicting it as mosaic of components
