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Biology Flashcards

1
Q

Which amino acid has a sulfur atom in its structure?

A

Cysteine

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2
Q

True or False: Glycine is the only amino acid that is not chiral.

A

True

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3
Q

What is the general structure of an amino acid?

A

A central carbon atom, an amino group, a carboxyl group, a hydrogen atom, and a variable R group.

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4
Q

Which amino acid is represented by the three-letter code ‘Ala’?

A

Alanine

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5
Q

Fill in the blank: The amino acid with the side chain containing an aromatic ring is called _____.

A

Phenylalanine

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6
Q

What is the side chain of Serine?

A

A hydroxymethyl group (-CH2OH)

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7
Q

Which amino acid is essential and must be obtained from the diet?

A

Leucine

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8
Q

True or False: All amino acids can be synthesized by the human body.

A

False

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9
Q

What is the side chain of Tryptophan?

A

An indole ring

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10
Q

Which amino acid is known for its role in the production of neurotransmitters?

A

Tyrosine

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11
Q

What is the three-letter code for Glutamine?

A

Gln

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12
Q

Which amino acid contains a positively charged side chain at physiological pH?

A

Lysine

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13
Q

Fill in the blank: The amino acid with a branched-chain side group is _____.

A

Valine

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14
Q

What is the primary function of amino acids in the body?

A

To serve as building blocks for proteins.

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15
Q

Which amino acid has a side chain that can form hydrogen bonds due to its hydroxyl group?

A

Serine

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16
Q

Which amino acid is represented by the one-letter code ‘M’?

A

Methionine

17
Q

True or False: Arginine is classified as a non-essential amino acid.

A

True

18
Q

What is the significance of the ‘R’ group in an amino acid?

A

It determines the properties and identity of the amino acid.

19
Q

Which amino acid has a side chain that contains a carboxylic acid group?

A

Aspartic acid

20
Q

What are the two main functional groups in an amino acid structure?

A

Amino group (-NH2) and carboxyl group (-COOH)

21
Q

Which amino acid is known for its role in collagen formation?

A

Proline

22
Q

Fill in the blank: The amino acid with a side chain that contains a cyclic structure is _____.

A

Proline

23
Q

What is the one-letter code for Aspartic acid?

A

D

24
Q

Which amino acid is known as the precursor for serotonin?

A

Tryptophan

25
Q

What amino acid is often found at the beginning of protein sequences?

A

Methionine

26
Q

Which amino acid has the side chain -CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH?

A

Arginine

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