Biology Flashcards
Proteins are made from?
Proteins are made up from long chains of amino acids.
How many different type of amino acids are there?
20 different types of amino acids inside the body.
What are Polymers?
A polymer is a large molecule, made up of many smaller molecules, called monomers, that are linked together in a repeating pattern
Proteins are ?
Polymers made up of many similar monomers units together.
What is the bond that holds amino acid together?
Peptide bond.
What reaction causes amino acids to bond together?
Condensation Reaction.
What reaction is when the peptide bonds are broken?
Hydrolysis Reaction.
What is a polypeptide?
Are long chains of amino acids, that are folded up and arranged to create unique proteins
4 types of protein stage/structure
Primary structure
Secondary structure
Tertiary structure
Quaternary structure
What happens to proteins in Primary Structure.
There are 20 amino acids.
In the primary structure the order of amino acids bonded by peptide bonds in a (polypetide chain) are ordered here.
(order of amino acids manipulated by DNA)
What happens to proteins in Secondary Structure.
Depending on the length of amino acids chains of amino acids are folded into 2 shapes.
Alpha helix.
A Beta pleated sheet.
What happens to proteins in Tertiary Structure.
Tertiary Structure Describes the overall shape of proteins.
This can bend the chain and give it a unique shape (making it unique for its job )
Is formed as result of different bonds between the amino acids
If Primary and Secondary structures are changed what does this affect?
Tertiary Structure. As, it describes the overall shape of proteins.
Quaternary structure is when?
Two or more proteins join to form a complicated structure.
What is normally the last protein “structure.”
Tertiary Structure.
