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Biology CCT1 yr 9 > BIOLOGY > Flashcards

BIOLOGY Flashcards

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1
Q

Where is the genetic material found in an animal and plant cell?

A

The nucleus

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2
Q

Animal and plant cells are eukaryotic/prokaryotic.

A

eukaryotic

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3
Q

Bacteria cells are eukaryotic/prokaryotic.

A

prokaryotic

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4
Q

Where is the genetic material in bacterial cells?

A

Floats around in the cytoplasm

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5
Q

Order from largest to smallest: 1) animal cells 2) plant cells 3) bacterial cells

A

2,1,3

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6
Q

What 3 structure do animal, plant and bacterial cells all have?

A

cytoplasm, ribosomes, cell membrane

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7
Q

What 3 structures do plant cells have that animal cells don’t have?

A

cell wall, chloroplasts, large vacuole

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8
Q

What 5 structures do both plant and animal cells contain?

A

nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, mitochondria and ribosomes

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9
Q

What is the function of the nucleus?

A

Holds the cell’s genetic information and controls what the cell does.

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10
Q

What is the function of the cytoplasm?

A

Where most chemical reactions occur.

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11
Q

What is the function of the mitochondria?

A

The site of aerobic respiration in the cells.

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12
Q

What is the function of the cell membrane?

A

Controls what enters and leaves the cells.

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13
Q

What is the function of the ribosomes?

A

The site of protein synthesis in the cell.

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14
Q

What is the function of the chloroplasts?

A

Transfers energy through photosynthesis.

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15
Q

What is the function of the cell wall?

A

Provides tensile strength and structure to the cell.

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16
Q

What is the function of the large vacuole?

A

Contains cell sap to help maintain the shape of the cell.

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17
Q

What is the function of the ciliated epithelial cells?

A

Traps mucus and stops it going into the lungs.

18
Q

What is the function of sperm cells?

A

Fertilizes the egg cell.

19
Q

What is the function of nerve cells?

A

Carry information in your nervous system.

20
Q

What is the function of root hair cells?

A

Absorb water and minerals into a plant.

21
Q

What is the function of muscle cells?

A

To contract and relax.

22
Q

What is the function of red blood cells?

A

To carry oxygen from the lungs and deliver it throughout the body.

23
Q

What is the cell organism flowchart list?

A

cells→tissues→organs→organ systems→organisms

24
Q

What is the light microscope also known as?

A

The compound microscope

25
Q

How many different lenses are used to magnify the specimen on a light microscope and what are they?

A

1) eyepiece lens
2) an objective lens

26
Q

What is the maximum magnification of a light microscope?

A

times 1500

27
Q

What does the electron microscope use to magnify the specimen?

A

electron beams

28
Q

How are electron microscopes different/better than light microscopes?

A

They have higher magnification and higher resolution.

29
Q

What is resolution?

A

The ability of a microscope to distinguish details of a specimen or sample.

30
Q

What 2 structures can only be seen with an electron microscope?

A

mitochondria and ribosomes

31
Q

What is magnification?

A

How many times a specimen has been enlarged by.

32
Q

How many micrometres are in a millimetre?

A

1000

33
Q

Formula for magnification:

A

magnification=size of specimen/actual size of object

34
Q

What is the function of the focusing wheel?

A

Adjusts the focus of the microscope.

35
Q

What is the function of the mirror on the microscope?

A

Directs light into the viewers eye.

36
Q

What is the function of the eyepiece lens?

A

Magnifies the image of the specimen.

37
Q

Why does iodine solution have to be added to the layer of onion cells?

A

To stain the cell so you can see it properly.

38
Q

Why must a thin layer of onion cells be used?

A

To allow light to pass through the specimen.

39
Q

What is the maximum magnification of an electron microscope?

A

times 500,000

40
Q

What is the formula for magnification within the microscope?

A

magnification=eyepiece lens*objective lens

Biology CCT1 yr 9 (1 decks)

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