BIOLOGY

Question 1

Recite biological organization and order

Answer 1

Biosphere -> Ecosystem -> Community -> Population -> Organism -> Organ System -> Organ -> Tissue -> Cell

Question 2

Known as the regulatory mechanism to maintain an organism’s internal environment

Answer 2

Homeostasis

Question 3

Recite the order of classifying organisms

Answer 3

Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species

Question 4

Formatting of scientific names

Answer 4

Genus and species always italicized or underlined if cannot be italicized. First letter of genus is capitalized while everything else is lowercase

Question 5

Identify type of plant cell:

Has thin primary wall
Metabolically active
Active at maturity

Answer 5

Parenchyma

Question 6

Identify type of plant cell

Has unevenly thickened primary wall
Metabolically active
Active at maturity

Answer 6

Collenchyma

Question 7

Identify type of plant cell

Have primary and secondary walls
Dead at maturity

Answer 7

Sclerenchyma

Question 8

Identify type of plant cell

Most common type
Constitutes soft parts of the plant

Answer 8

Parenchyma

Question 9

Identify type of plant cell

Provide plastic support
For shoot tips that require flexibility

Answer 9

Collenchyma

Question 10

Identify type of plant cell

Provide elastic support
Provide tracheary elements for water transport

Answer 10

Sclerenchyma

Question 11

Plant Organ

Anchors vascular plant
Absorb mineral and water

Answer 11

Root

Question 12

Two Main Systems of Root

Answer 12

Taproot and Fibrous

Question 13

Root system

Common in plants with two cotyledons and plants with naked seeds

Answer 13

Taproot system

Question 14

Root system

Common in monocots like grasses, described as adventitious

Answer 14

Fibrous system

Question 15

Root system

Has a main vertical root that gives rise to lateral root
Has an embryonic origin

Answer 15

Taproot system

Question 16

Root system

Small roots that emerge from the stem, forming a mat

Answer 16

Fibrous system

Question 17

Plants with seeds that have two cotyledons

Answer 17

Eudicot

Question 18

Plants with naked seeds

Answer 18

Gymnosperms

Question 19

Used to describe a plant organ growing from an unusual location

Answer 19

Adventitious

Question 20

Plant Organ

Raises or separates leaves to expose to sunlight
Raises reproductive structures such as fruits and flowers

Answer 20

Stem

Question 21

Parts of Stem

Where leaves are attached

Answer 21

Node

Question 22

Parts of the Stem

Segments between nodes

Answer 22

Internodes

Question 23

Parts of the Stem

Structures in the axil formed by leaf and stem. Grows into a branch

Answer 23

Axillary bud

Question 24

Plant Organ

Main photosynthetic organ

Answer 24

Leaf

Question 25

Two general parts of a leaf

Answer 25

Flattened blade Petiole (stalk)

Question 26

Arrangement of Vein Common for monocots

Answer 26

Parallel

Question 27

Arrangement of Vein Common for eudicotd

Answer 27

Branched

Question 28

Enumerate Spatial Arrangement of Leaves

Answer 28

Simple Compound

Question 29

Spatial arrangement of leaves Has a single undivided blade

Answer 29

Simple

Question 30

Spatial arrangement of leaves Blade with multiple leaflets, leaflet has no axillary bud at base

Answer 30

Compound

Question 31

Venation of Leaves Define arcuate, longitudinal, pinnate

Answer 31

Arcuate - bending toward apex (like an arc) Longitudinal - aligned along long axis of leaf (may still intersect) Pinnate - secondary veins paired oppositely

Question 32

Venation of Leaves Define cross-venulate, palmate, reticulate

Answer 32

Cross-venulate - Small veins connecting secondary veins Palmate - Primary veins emerge from a point Reticulate - Smaller veins form a network

Question 33

Venation of Leaves Define dichotomous, parallel, rotate

Answer 33

Dichotomous - Branching symmetrically in pairs Parallel - Arranged axially, never intersecting Rotate - Veins radiating

Question 34

Plant Hormone Enumerate Auxin (AA) major functions

Answer 34

Stimulates stem elongation (at low concentrations) Promote formation of lateral and adventitious roots Regulates fruit development Enhances apical dominance Promotes vascular differentiation Slows leaf abscission Phototropism Gravitropism

Question 35

Plant Hormone Enumerate Cytokinin functions

Answer 35

Regulates cell division in shoot and root Promotes lateral bud growth Promote movement of nutrients into sink tissues Stimulate seed germination Delay leaf senescence

Question 36

Plant Hormone Enumerate Gibberellins function

Answer 36

Regulate sex determination and transition from juvenile to adult phase Stimulates: stem elongation, pollen development, pollen tube growth, fruit growth, seed development germination

Question 37

Plant Hormone Enumerate Brassinosteroids function

Answer 37

Promote cell expansion and cell division in roots Promote root growth (low concentration) and inhibit root growth (high concentration) Promote xylem differentiation Inhibit phloem differentiation Promote seed germination Promote pollen tube elongation

Question 38

Plant Hormone Enumerate Abscisic Acid (ABA) function

Answer 38

Inhibit growth Promote stomatal closure during drought stress Promote seed dormancy Inhibit early germination Promotes leaf senescence Promotes desiccation tolerance

Question 39

Plant Hormone Enumerate Ethylene function

Answer 39

Promote fruit ripening Promotes leaf abscission Promote Triple Response: Inhibit stem elongation, Promote lateral expansion and horizontal growth Enhance rate of senescence Promote root and root hair formation

Question 40

Location of Plant Hormone Most parts of the plant in gaseous form

Answer 40

Ethylene

Question 41

Location of Plant Hormone In all plant cells (Clue: 2 hormones)

Answer 41

ABA and Brassinosteroids

Question 42

Location of Plant Hormone Meristems of apical buds and roots Young leaves Developing seeds

Answer 42

Gibberellins

Question 43

Location of Plant Hormone Roots

Answer 43

Cytokinin

Question 44

Location of Plant Hormone Shoot apical meristems Root apical meristems Young leaves Developing seeds and fruit

Answer 44

Auxin