Biology

Question 1

the basic structural and functional unit of an organism.

Answer 1

Cell

Question 2

cell component that seperates the cell from it’s surrounding; a barrier.

Answer 2

Plasma Membrane

Question 3

cell component that has thick fluid fitting inside the cell.

Answer 3

Cytoplasm

Question 4

A cell component comprised of cellular structures suspended in the cyptoplasm performing it’s unique and specific function.

Answer 4

Organelles

Question 5

cell component that contains the biological information; the hereditary matierals.

Answer 5

Genetic Material

Question 6

this cell type is lacking a true nucleus and other membrane-enclosed organelles of the eukaryotic cell. It appears simpler in structures.

Answer 6

prokaryotic cell

Question 7

this cell type’s nomenclature denotes a meaning “true nulceus”. generally it is nuch larger and more complex than prokaryotic cells.

Answer 7

Eukaryotic cell

Question 8

bacteria and archae are considered what cell type?

Answer 8

prokaryotic cell

Question 9

protists,fungi,animal and plant cells are considered what cell type?

Answer 9

eukaryotic cell

Question 10

This cell organelle functions as a selective barrier that allows the passage of enough oxygen,nutrients and wastes to the cell.

Answer 10

plasma membrane

Question 11

what is the primary structure of the plasma membrane composed of.

Answer 11

a double layer of phospholipid molecules.

Question 12

what cell organelle contains DNA?

Answer 12

nucleus

Question 13

this part of the plasma membrane help the cell to maintain homeostasis

Answer 13

membrane proteins

Question 14

this cell organelle is a double phospholipid bilayer that surrounds the nucleus and has pores for the RNA to move out.

Answer 14

Nuclear envelope

Question 15

this cell organelle is where rRNA is transcribed and the the subunits of ribosomes are assembled.

Answer 15

Nucleolus

Question 16

part of the nucleus which is distinct during reproduction

Answer 16

chromosomes

Question 17

this cell organelle is involved during cell division in animal cell; function in production of flagella and cilia but not microtubule.

Answer 17

centrosome

Question 18

this cell organelle is ribosome-studded.It produces proteins.

Answer 18

rough endoplastic reticulum

Question 19

this cell organelle is where lipids and carbohydrates synthesis as well as drug detoxfication occurs.

Answer 19

smooth endoplastic reticulum

Question 20

a non-membranous structure which makes proteins.

Answer 20

ribosome

Question 21

cell organelle that modifies and packages proteins.

Answer 21

golgi apparatus

Question 22

small membranous sacs containing enzyme that detoxify harmful substances that enter the cell.

Answer 22

peroxisomes.

Question 23

the cell’s digestive system;it contains hydrolytic enzymes.

Answer 23

lysosomes

Question 24

the powerhouse of the cell

Answer 24

mitochondria

Question 25

present only in plants and protozoans

Answer 25

chloroplast

Question 26

outer covering which maintains cell shape and protect cell from mechanical damage; made of cellulose, other polysaccharides, and proteins.

Answer 26

cell wall

Question 26

prominent organelle in older plant cell; responsible for storage, breakdown of waste products, and hydrolysis of macromolecules.

Answer 26

central vacuole

Question 27

network of filaments responsible for the structure, transport, and cell motility.

Answer 27

cytoskeleton

Question 28

part of the cytoskeleton that helps in cell movement form within

Answer 28

microfilaments

Question 29

involved in flagella and cilia construction and spindle apparatus it also helps in transporting substances to the cell.

Answer 29

microtubulues

Question 30

part of the cytoskeleton that provides structural support.

Answer 30

intermediate filaments

Question 31

this is found in the epithelial cells that line the intestines and other areas where absorption is important; helps to increase cell's surface area.

Answer 31

microvilli

Question 32

locomotion organelles

Answer 32

cillia and flagella

Question 33

this cell conection are spot welds that hold the adjacent cells together.

Answer 33

desmosomes

Question 34

this cell conection has membrane channels of adjacent plasma mebranes that adhere to each other.

Answer 34

gap junctions

Question 35

this cell connection occur inc ells that are joined by "collars" or tightly fused material.

Answer 35

tight junctions

Question 36

this cell trnasport doesn't require any energy utilization of the plasma membrane.

Answer 36

passive transport

Question 37

a type of passive transport that has movement of molecules form greater concentration to an area of lower concentration.

Answer 37

diffusion

Question 38

a form of diffusion in which selective permeable nature of membrance causes speration of smaller solute particles from larger solute particles.

Answer 38

dialysis

Question 39

diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane; limits the diffusion of at least some of the solute particles.

Answer 39

osmosis

Question 40

water pressure that develops as a result of osmosis.

Answer 40

osmotic pressure

Question 41

is the maximum pressure that could develop in a solution when it is separated from pure water by a selectively permeable membrane.

Answer 41

potential osmotic pressure

Question 42

it requires energy; carrier-mediated process that moves substances against its concentration gradient.

Answer 42

active transport

Question 42

a special kind of diffusion when movement of molecules is made more efficient by the action of carrier mechanisms in a cell membrane. It transports substances down a concentration gradient.

Answer 42

facilitated diffusion

Question 43

the process in which the edges of the plasma membrane fuse to form a vesicle.

Answer 43

endocytosis

Question 44

cells engulf organisms or parts thereof.

Answer 44

Phagocytosis

Question 45

the liquid material brought into the cell containing dissolved molecules.

Answer 45

pinocytosis

Question 46

is the extrusion of materials from a cell via vesicles; the reverse of endocytosis.

Answer 46

Exocytosis

Question 47

cell cycle's longest stage; proteins and mRNA are synthesized; cells split and grow.

Answer 47

Gap 1 / G1 phase

Question 48

how many hours does G1 occur for?

Answer 48

five hours

Question 49

part of the cell cycle where DNA replication occurs when each chromosome replicates to produce sister chromatids.

Answer 49

Synthesis phase

Question 50

part of the cell cycle where cell prepares to divide as other organelles are replicated, chromosomes begin to condense and microtubules are synthesized.

Answer 50

Gap 2 phase

Question 51

M Phase: cell division beigns to occur.

Answer 51

Mitosis

Question 52

M phase: type of cell division responsible for sex cell formation; resulting to four daughter cells.

Answer 52

meiosis

Question 53

cell cycle stage where the actual division of the cytoplasm produces two daughter cells.

Answer 53

cytokinesis