Biology

Question 1

Organism

Answer 1

A living thing: plants, animals, and bacteria

Question 2

Food web

Answer 2

A food web consists of all the food chains in a single ecosystem. Each living thing in an ecosystem is part of multiple food chains. Each food chain is one possible path that energy and nutrients may take as they move through the ecosystem. All of the interconnected and overlapping food chains in an ecosystem make up a food web.

Question 3

Adaptation

Answer 3

Adaptations are characteristics that assist organisms to survive and reproduce. Adaptations help organisms to get food and water, protect themselves, build homes and reproduce.

Question 4

Food chain

Answer 4

The food chain is a linear sequence of organisms where nutrients and energy is transferred from one organism to the other.

Question 5

Habitat

Answer 5

A place where an organism lives

Question 6

Environment

Answer 6

The surroundings or conditions in which a person, animal, or plant lives or operates

Question 7

Biotic factors

Answer 7

Biotic factors are living factors that include partners for mating, organisms to eat, and organisms they may compete with for food and shelter.

Question 8

Abiotic factors

Answer 8

Abiotic factors are non-living factors that include water, light, wind, soil and temperature. The number of organisms of the same type, living in the same habitat, will vary over time depending on the availability of food, water, living
space and mating partners.

Question 9

Ecosystem

Answer 9

A biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.

Question 10

Structural

Answer 10

Structural adaptations are physical features of an organism that enable them to survive in their environment.

Question 11

Behavioural

Answer 11

Behavioural adaptations are changes in an organism’s behaviour that help it survive in a new environment.

Question 12

Physiological

Answer 12

A metabolic or physiological adjustment within the cells or tissues of an organism in response to an environmental stimulus resulting in the improved ability of that organism to cope with its changing environment.

Question 13

Symbiotic relationships

Answer 13

Interactions between two species that can benefit either one or both species

Question 14

Mutualism

Answer 14

Both species benefit from the relationship.

Question 15

Commensalism

Answer 15

Commensalism is a type of symbiotic relationship in which one species benefit from another without harming it.

Question 16

Parasitism

Answer 16

Benefits on species while the other is harmed.

Question 17

Predator

Answer 17

An organism that naturally preys on other organisms.

Question 18

Prey

Answer 18

An organism that is hunted and killed by another for food.

Question 19

Predator-prey relationship

Answer 19

The predator-prey relationship involves the interactions between two species and their effects on each other. In this relationship, one species feeds on the other. The prey species is the animal being fed on, and the predator is the animal doing the feeding.

Question 20

Producers

Answer 20

An organism that produces organic compounds from simple substances such as water and carbon dioxide

Question 21

Consumer

Answer 21

An organism that derives the organic compounds and energy it needs from the consumption of other organisms.

Question 22

Primary consumer

Answer 22

An organism that feeds on primary producers, such as plants or algae, and occupies the second trophic level within a food chain. It is also known as a herbivore or omnivore and holds a critical position as the link between producers and higher trophic levels.

Question 23

Secondary consumer

Answer 23

A secondary consumer is an organism that consumes primary consumers for energy. Primary consumers are always herbivores, which are organisms that only eat autotrophic plants. Secondary consumers can either be carnivores or omnivores. Carnivores only eat other animals, while omnivores consume both plant and animal matter. Secondary consumers are positioned at the higher levels of the food chain.

Question 24

Tertiary consumer

Answer 24

A tertiary consumer is an animal that obtains its nutrition by eating primary consumers and secondary consumers. It is usually a carnivorous predator, although it may also be an omnivore. Tertiary consumers are at the top of the food chain and feed on both primary and secondary consumers.

Question 25

Decomposer

Answer 25

An organism, particularly a soil bacterium, fungus, or invertebrate, that breaks down organic matter.

Question 26

Omnivores

Answer 26

An organism or individual that consumes a wide variety of foods from both plant and animal sources.

Question 27

Carnivores

Answer 27

An organism that consumes other organisms for energy

Question 28

Herbivores

Answer 28

An organism that consumes plants for energy

Question 29

Ecology

Answer 29

The study of the interactions between living things and their environment is called ecology. Ecologists are scientists who study these interactions.

Question 30

Classification

Answer 30

Classification is the process of putting things into groups.

Question 31

Apex predator

Answer 31

A predator that has no natural predators except for humans

Question 32

Monera

Answer 32

Monera is a kingdom in biology that comprises prokaryotes, which are single-celled organism that have no true nucleus.

Question 33

Protista

Answer 33

Protista refers to a group of loosely connected, mostly unicellular eukaryotic organisms. These organisms are not plants, animals, or fungi. They are placed under a separate kingdom called Protista. The term is used to describe eukaryotes that lack a multicellular stage.

Question 34

Multicellular heterotrophs

Answer 34

Multicellular heterotrophs are organisms that cannot manufacture their food by carbon fixation and instead derive their nutrition from other sources of organic carbon, mainly plant or animal matter. They include animals, fungi, and many bacteria.

Question 34

Autotrophs

Answer 34

An organism that can form nutritional organic substances from simple inorganic substances such as carbon dioxide.