Biology

Question 1

What is Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)?

Answer 1

Is a double strand molecule that occurs bound to proteins (histones) in chromosomes in the nucleus

Question 2

What are charateristic or features in R-related species?

Answer 2

• unstable environment
• high fecundity
• small sample size
• dispersed offspring
• early maturity
• short generation time

Question 3

What are the charateristic or features in K-selected species?

Answer 3

• stable environment
• long life expectancy
• large body size
• high parental care

Question 4

What is meiosis?

Answer 4

Cell division that produces gametes

Question 5

What are gametes?

Answer 5

they are sex cells that are haploid cells

Question 6

What is Haploid cells?

Answer 6

“Half” of the genes/chromosomes

Question 7

What are Diploid cells?

Answer 7

Parent cell –> through meiosis
–> Haploid Gametes

Question 8

What are the phases in Meiosis 1 (M1)?

Answer 8

Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

Question 9

What are the phases in Meiosis 2 (M2)?

Answer 9

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

Question 10

What is interphase (M1)?

Answer 10

Identical copies of chromosomes/ DNA formed

Question 11

What is Prophase (M1)?

Answer 11

Centrosomes move to opposite poles of cell –> nuclei membrane breaks down

Question 12

What is Metaphase (M1)?

Answer 12

Homologous chromosomes meet in the middle

Question 13

What is Anaphase (M1)?

Answer 13

Homologous chromosomes are pulled apart by spindle fibres

Question 14

What is Telophase (M1)?

Answer 14

Two new nuclei form

Question 15

What is Prophase (M2)?

Answer 15

Centrosomes move to opposite poles and the nuclei membrane breaks down

Question 16

What is Metaphase (M2)?

Answer 16

Chromosomes meet in the middle

Question 17

What is Anaphase (M2)?

Answer 17

Duplicated chromosomes pulled apart

Question 19

What is Telophase (M2)?

Answer 19

Two new nuclei form

Question 20

What is a gene?

Answer 20

A strand of DNA nucleotides that code for a trait

Question 21

What is a Genome?

Answer 21

Full set of DNA instructions within a species chromosomes

Question 22

What is Exon?

Answer 22

A section of DNA that codes for protein
- it is retained in the creation of MRNA
- introns are not retained

Question 23

ICEAGE

Answer 23

• Inherited Variation
• Competition
• Environmental Selection Pressure
• Adaptation
• Gene Frequency
• Micro + Macro Evolution

Question 24

What is Inherited Variation?

Answer 24

The passing on of different genotypes/phenotypes within a population through migration and emigration

Question 25

What is Competition?

Answer 25

When there is a lack of abundance of resources due to overproduction of offspring, it can be inter or intra specific in species

Question 26

What is Environmental Selection Pressure?

Answer 26

A biotic or abiotic factors that determine which adaptations are positive or negative

Question 27

What is Adaptation?

Answer 27

a phenotype that provides survival advantage

Question 28

What is the Gene Frequency Shift

Answer 28

The number of times a gene or allele occurs in population

Question 29

What is Micro Evolution?

Answer 29

the shift or change of allele frequency within a species

Question 30

What is Macro Evolution?

Answer 30

The change of allele or gene frequency of a population leading to a formation of a new species

Question 31

What is Natural Selection?

Answer 31

Species passing on beneficial factors and features to offspring

Question 33

What is a Karyotype?

Answer 33

The full set of chromosomes within an organisms somatic cell nuclei

Question 34

What are Somatic Cells?

Answer 34

Are normal body cells