Biology Flashcards
what is the function of digestion?
to break down insoluble molecules to smaller molecules which can then be absorbed.
(insoluble means: incapable of being dissolved)
what are the 2 roles of bile?
bile emulsifies fats and neutralises acid.
(emulsifies means: mixing 2 insoluble liquids like water and oil for eg.
neutralises means: removing acidic or alkaline nature (or make its pH closer to 7 neutral)
what is an enzyme?
a biological catalyst that speeds up the reaction process by lowering the activation energy.
don’t have to remember this but it’s an explanation:
(like imagine if we could use a catalyst to speed up the reaction process of room temp water turning into boiling water. A catalyst would be able to lower activation energy of 100 degrees Celsius.
what enzyme are carbohydrates broken down by?
amylase
what enzyme are lipases (fats) broken down by?
lipase
what enzyme are proteins broken down by?
protease
what enzyme are starches broken down by?
amylase
what enzyme are lipids (aka fats) broken down by?
where is amylase produced?
in the pancreas
what do lipids (fats) break down into?
fatty acids
what do proteins break down into?
amino acids
where is the enzyme lipase produced?
in the pancreas
the pancreas is an organ. Give 2 examples of enzymes it produces.
lipase and amylase
where is protease enzyme produced?
small intestine
what is the equation for photosynthesis?
water + carbon dioxide —– (light) —–> glucose + oxygen
