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Biology Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the role of coronary arteries

A

To supply the heart muscles with glucose and oxygen to keep the heart contracting

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2
Q

What is a double circulatory system

A

Blood goes in the heart oxygenated and is pumped out deoxygenated

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3
Q

What is the function of a chloroplast

A

To photosynthesize, contain chlorophyll which absorbs light energy for photosynthesis

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4
Q

What is the function of the vacuole

A

To store water and waste removal

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5
Q

What is the function of mitochondria

A

Provides the cells with energy, breaks down sugars (e.g glucose) in aerobics respiration (provides the energy)

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6
Q

What cell is a prokaryote?

A

Bacteria cell

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7
Q

What does the plasmid do (bacteria)

A

Carries genes that offer antibiotic resistance

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8
Q

What is water concentration

A

The amount of water compared to other solutes that are dissolved in the water, e.g sugar or salt

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9
Q

What chemical is used to test for protein

A

Biurets

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10
Q

What colour change does biurets undergo

A

Blue → lilac/purple

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11
Q

What colour change does Benedicts solution undergo?

A

Blue→brick red (orange/green if less sugar is present)

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11
Q

What chemical is used to test for sugars

A

Benedicts solution

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12
Q

How do you test for simple sugars?

A

Add Benedicts solution and heat up in water bath around 75°c for 5 min6

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13
Q

What chemical do you use to test for lipids

A

Ethanol & water

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14
Q

What colour change does the lipid test undergo

A

Clear → cloudy/milky

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15
Q

How do you test for lipids

A

Add water to ethanol and shake

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16
Q

What side of the heart carries oxygenated blood?

A

Left

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17
Q

Where does the pulmonary vein come from

A

The lungs (oxygenated)

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18
Q

Where does the vena cava come from

A

Blood from the rest of the body (deoxygenated)

19
Q

Where does the aorta take blood to?

A

The rest of the body (oxygenated)

20
Q

What is the independent variable

A

The variable that is altered during the experiment

21
Q

What is the dependent variable

A

The variable being tested or measured

22
Q

what is the control variable

A

The variable that is kept the same during the experiment

23
Q

Where does the pulmonary artery take blood to

A

To the lungs (deoxygenated)

23
Q

What do capillaries do

A

Transport blood and nutrients to the cells in your organs

23
Q

What do the coronary arteries do

A

Supply blood to the heart

23
Q

Artery characteristics

A

Thick walls to handle high blood pressure

23
Q

Where do arteries carry blood

A

Away from the heart (oxygenated)

23
Q

Where to veins carry blood to

A

To the heart (deoxygenated)

24
Q

What goes in through the stomata

A

Carbon dioxide

25
Q

What goes out of the stomata

A

Oxygen

26
Q

Where are stomata usually found

A

On the bottom of the leaf to reduce water loss

27
Q

Why are the leaves thin

A

So the CO2 doesn’t have far to travel

28
Q

What are palisade cells full of

A

Chloroplasts

29
Q

What is the upper epidermis

A

A transparent layer on the leaf so sunlight can pass through to the palisade cells for photosynthesis

30
Q

Why do the guard cells become turgid

A

To open the stomata and water vapour is lost

30
Q

What happens when the guard cells become flaccid

A

The guard cells close due to the loss of water vapour through osmosis and they close to conserve the water vapour

31
Q

Why are guard cells usually found on the bottom of the leaf

A

They are light sensitive and it is cooler on the bottom which helps reduce water loss/evaporation

32
Q

What is translocation

A

The transport of nutrients and sugars through the phloem of a plant

33
Q

What is the xylem

A

A thing that transports water and nutrients from the roots to the stem and leaves idk

33
Q

What is transpiration

A

The movement of water through a plant

34
Q

What is the phloem

A

Moves food that the plant has produced from photosynthesis

35
Q

Vein characteristics

A

They have valves

36
Q

Does diffusion/osmosis require energy

A

No

37
Q

Do all particles go through the process of osmosis?

A

No, only some as it is a partially permeable membrane

Science biology (2 decks)

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