Biology

Question 1

Define a Eukaryotic cell

Answer 1

A complex cell that has a Nucleus

Question 2

Define a Prokaryotic cell

Answer 2

A simple cell without a Nucleus. The DNA is free in the cytoplasm

Question 3

Define Mitosis

Answer 3

A Cell division that results in Two identical daughter cells

Question 4

Fertilisation definition/process

Answer 4

When a sperm cell penetrates the egg cell and a foetus is formed

Question 5

Cell specialisation definition

Answer 5

When a stem cell becomes differentiated

Question 6

Examples of specialised animal and plant cells

Answer 6

Nucleus,Cytoplasm,cell membrane,mitochondria.
Cell wall, chloroplast, vacuole

Question 7

What are the two types of microscopes?

Answer 7

Light microscopes and Electron microscopes

Question 8

Magnification equation

Answer 8

image size/actual size

Question 9

Photosynthesis word equation

Answer 9

Carbon dioxide + Water > Oxygen + Glucose

Question 10

Rate of photosynthesis equation

Answer 10

ROP = Number of bubbles produced per minute

Question 11

Define diffusion

Answer 11

The net movement of particles from a place of higher concentration to a place of lower concentration until it is even spread

Question 12

Define osmosis

Answer 12

The net movement of water molecules from a higher concentration to a lower concentration through a semi/partially permeable membrane

Question 13

Define active transport

Answer 13

The movement of molecules from a place of lower concentration to a place of higher concentration across a membrane

Question 14

Respiration word equation

Answer 14

Oxygen + glucose > carbon dioxide + water

Question 15

Percentager change equation

Answer 15

change in mass/initial mass x 100

Question 16

What do carbohydrates provide?

Answer 16

Energy

Question 17

What kind of Carbohydrates are there?

Answer 17

Simple and complex

Question 18

Examples of simple carbohydrates

Answer 18

Sugars(like glucose and lactose) fast acting energy

Question 19

Examples of complex Carbohydrates

Answer 19

Rice and pasta (slow releasing energy)

Question 20

Name all types of complex Carbohydrates

Answer 20

Cellulose(Fibre in plant cell walls)
Starch(can be broken down into glucose)
Glycogen(Carb store that can be broken down into glucose)

Question 21

What is the function of fats/lipids

Answer 21

Energy store

Question 22

What do lipids provide?

Answer 22

Double the energy that Carbohydrates and proteins do

Question 23

What are fats/lipids made up of?

Answer 23

fatty acids and glycerol

Question 24

What are proteins used for?

Answer 24

Growth and repair of cells and energy if carbohydrate and fat reserves are low

Question 25

What are proteins made up of?

Answer 25

Long chains of amino acids

Question 26

What happens after amino acids or intaken?

Answer 26

After digestion amino acids are absorbed into the bloodstream and brought to cells that reassemble them into proteins needed by the body (e.g. enzymes)

Question 27

Surface area to volume ratio formula

Answer 27

divide the surface area by the volume

Question 28

How is alveoli adapted?

Answer 28

large surface area (
(one cell layer thick)thin walls for quicker/easy access for diffusion
close proximity for quicker diffusion
large capillary network for good supply of blood > maintain concentration(diffusion) gradient (constant diffusion)
permeable walls for gas to pass through

Question 29

villi adaptations

Answer 29

blood constantly moving in them means that a steep
concentration gradient
increases surface area