biology Flashcards
what is a cell?
smallest unit of life
What are tissues made of?
Cells
What are organs made of?
Tissue
4 Macromolecules of the body?
-Proteins
-Lipids
-Carbohydrates
-Nucleic Acids
Most abundant macromolecule?
proteins
What is homeostasis?
the state of balance among all the body systems
What is the pH of blood?
7.4
What organelle does cellular respiration occur?
mitochondria
What organelle does photosynthesis occur?
Chloroplast
What is the process in which somatic cells divide?
Mitosis
What is the process in which gamete cells divide?
Meiosis
What does haploid signify?
1 set of chromosomes
What does diploid signify?
2 set of chromosomes
How much ATP is produced for every molecule of glucose in cellular respiration and in Fermentation?
-C.R: 38
-Fermentation: 2
What molecules contain codons?
mRNA
What molecules contain anti-condors?
tRNA
What is the longest phase in the cell cycle?
Interphase
What is a virus?
an infectious microbe w/ nucleic acid & a protein coat
What are bacterial plasmids? Why are they beneficial to the bacterial cells?
They are impartial “vehicles” for communication of genetic info.
-the help with the mutation of a cell (think evolution)
What kind of damage does UV light cause to DNA?
Causes a cell to have mutations
~Skin cancer
What is the difference between ribose and deoxyribose?
Ribose has 1 more oxygen cell than deoxyribose
What is a Functional Group?
Specific group of atoms within a molecule for a characteristic of that molecule
What are the steps of the scientific method?
1-Define the problem
2-Gather background info
3-Hypothesis
4-Make observations
5-Test
6-Draw Conclusions
What are the properties of an enzymes in catalytic reactions?
they increase the rate of chemical reactions
