biology

Question 1

what is a pathogen?

Answer 1

a microorganism that causes infectious diseases

Question 2

name 4 types of microorganisms that can be pathogens….

Answer 2

bacteria, viruses, protists, fungi

Question 3

how can a bacteria make people feel ill?

Answer 3

bacteria can produce toxins that damage tissues and make people feel ill

Question 4

give 4 ways a pathogen can be spread…

Answer 4

direct contact, in water, in air, by vectors

Question 5

give 4 ways of reducing or preventing spread of disease….

Answer 5

following hygiene measures, isolating infected people, vaccinating against disease, destroying vectors

Question 6

what microorganism causes measles?

Answer 6

virus

Question 7

give 2 symptoms of measles….

Answer 7

red skin rash, fever

Question 8

what microorganism is HIV?

Answer 8

virus

Question 9

how is HIV spread?

Answer 9

exchange of bodily fluids, e.g. sexual contact or drug users sharing needles that contain blood

Question 10

what does HIV do to the body?

Answer 10

HIV attacks the body’s immune cells

Question 11

what are the initial symptoms of HIV infection?

Answer 11

flu like

Question 12

are animal cells eukaryotic or prokaryotic cells?

Answer 12

eukaryotic

Question 13

are plant cells prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells?

Answer 13

eukaryotic

Question 14

are bacterial cells eukaryotic or prokaryotic cells?

Answer 14

prokaryotic

Question 15

are prokaryotic cells much bigger or much smaller than eukaryotic cells?

Answer 15

much smaller

Question 16

parts of the cell found in animal and plants….

Answer 16

nucleus, cell membrane, cytoplasm, mitochondria

Question 17

what’s the function of a nucleus in a cell?

Answer 17

contains genetic material

Question 18

which chamber of the heart pumps blood into the body?

Answer 18

left ventricle

Question 19

what is the name of the blood vessel that carries blood to the heart muscle?

Answer 19

coronary artery

Question 20

which type of blood vessel has valves?

Answer 20

vein

Question 21

starch

Answer 21

iodine
orange to black

Question 22

sugar

Answer 22

benedict soloution
blue to red

Question 23

protein

Answer 23

biuret
blue to purple

Question 24

lipids

Answer 24

ethanol
cloudy

Question 25

cell membrane

Answer 25

allows substances in and out of the cell

Question 26

cell wall

Answer 26

contains cellulose and provides structure

Question 27

ribosomes

Answer 27

site of protein synthesis

Question 28

mitochondria

Answer 28

site of aerobic respiration

Question 29

cytoplasm

Answer 29

controls the reaction of the cell

Question 30

chloroplast

Answer 30

site of photosynthesis and contains chlorophyll which makes the plant green

Question 31

vacuole

Answer 31

waste products end here

Question 32

rose black spot

Answer 32

purple/black spots on leaves
leaves turn yellow
plants won’t flower properly
carried by wind

Question 33

malaria

Answer 33

affects the liver and damages red blood cells
fever, shaking, weakness
caused by protist pathogens that are parasites

Question 34

amalase

Answer 34

breaks down carbohydrates into sugars
used in the pancreas, small intestine, salivary glands

Question 35

protease

Answer 35

breaks down protein into amino acids
used in the pancreas, small intestine, stomach

Question 36

salivary glands

Answer 36

produces saliva that contains enzymes

Question 37

what’s a vector?

Answer 37

a living thing that carries disease

Question 38

difference between plant and animal cell….

Answer 38

plants have a cell wall