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Biology Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Asexual reproduction

A

Reproducing without sex

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2
Q

Advantages of asexual reproduction

A

Makes offspring quickly and no partner needed

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3
Q

Disadvantages of asexual reproduction

A

All offspring are the same, cannot adapt and change, 1 disease can take out population

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4
Q

Asexual reproduction process

A

1 parent created offspring that are identical copies of themselves

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5
Q

Mitosis

A

A form of asexual reproduction

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6
Q

Sexual reproduction

A

Reproducing with sex

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7
Q

Sexual reproduction process

A

Combine genetic material from 2 parents that create an offspring that is genetically different

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8
Q

Zygote

A

Offspring/babies

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9
Q

Advantages of sexual reproduction

A

Allows variation, provided foundation for evolution, and allows species to adapt to changes in the environment

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10
Q

Diploid

A

A cell that contains 2 copies of each chromosome

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11
Q

Haploid

A

A cell that contains a singular set of chromosomes

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12
Q

Alleles

A

Different forms of genes for a single trait

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13
Q

Dominant

A

Gene that is always expressed

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14
Q

Heterozygous

A

Genotypes made of two different alleles

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15
Q

Homozygous

A

Genotypes made of the same alleles

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16
Q

Recessive

A

Gene that is expressed only in the homozygous state

17
Q

Genotype

A

Genetic makeup of a gene

18
Q

Phenotype

A

The physical appearance of the trait based on the genotype

19
Q

Dominance rule

A

The dominant allele masks the recessive allele

20
Q

Bands on homologous chromosomes

A

Genes

21
Q

Letters in homologous chromosomes

A

Allele

22
Q

Genes

A

Sections of DNA that code for a certain trait

23
Q

Codominance

A

A type of inheritance that includes two versions of alleles of the same gene that are expressed separately (combination of two versions of alleles)

24
Q

Sex cells

A

Gametes

25
Q

How many chromosomes do sex cells have?

A

23

26
Q

Body cells

A

Somatic cells

27
Q

How many chromosomes do body cells have?

A

46

28
Q

Phenotype

A

The physical appearance of a zygote

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