Biology Flashcards
1
Q
Cell theory
A
- all living things are made up of cells
- cells are the basic building blocks of life
- new cells are formed from divided cells
2
Q
Cell membrane
A
Regulates what goes in and out of a cell
3
Q
Cytoplasm
A
- jelly like substance
- contains dissolved substances and organelles
- the filler of the cell
4
Q
Nucleus
A
- membrane bound sack
5
Q
Nucleuous
A
- creates ribosomes
6
Q
Miotochondrea
A
- powerhouse of cell
- converts the glucose to energy for the cell
7
Q
Ribosomes
A
- builds proteins using amino acids
- can be either free floating or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum
8
Q
Endoplasmic Reticulum
A
2 types
- smooth type: builds lipids ad carbs
- rough type: stores proteins made by attached ribosomes
9
Q
Golgi body/apparatus
A
- transports, sorts and modifies proteins and lipids
10
Q
Lysosomes
A
- sacs filled with digestive enzymes
- digest worn out cells
- digest food absorbed by the cells
11
Q
Centrioles
A
- bundled tubes
- organise cell division
12
Q
Cytoskeleton
A
- made of microtubles
- gives shape to cell
13
Q
Chloroplasts
A
- only in plant cells
- contains chlorophyll
- carry out photosynthesis
- make food that fat dumpy mitochondria eats
14
Q
Vacuole
A
- huge water filled sac
- keeps cell pressurised
- stores starch
15
Q
Fungal cells
A
- cell walls made of chitin
- do not have chloroplast or large vacuole
16
Q
Prokaryote
A
- organelles do not have a membrane
- ribosomes are the only organelles
- genetic material floats in the cytoplasm
- circular DNA
- unicellular
- smaller in size
17
Q
Eukaryotes
A
- multiple organelles including ribosomes
- linear DNA
- unicellular + multicellular
- bigger
18
Q
Example of Prokaryote
A
- bacteria
- archaea
19
Q
Example of Eukaryotes
A
- plant cells
- animal cells
20
Q
How can cells move
A
- pseudopods : kinda like feet + is an extension of the cell
- flagellum : whip like tail that pushes through water
- cilia : fine hair like extensions attached to cell membrane that beat in unison
21
Q
Unicellular
A
- single cell
- low efficiency of labour
- if injured ded
- 1 cell performs all tasks + functions
- shorter life span than multicellular
22
Q
Multicellular
A
- made up of multiple cells
- highly efficient
- cells work together to keep organism alive by performing their respective functions
- injury does not mean death
23
Q
What do both multicellular and unicellular cells do
A
- turns DNA into RNA and then RNA into proteins with the help of ribosomes
- need energy and nutrients to grow
24
Q
Example of unicellular
A
- bacteria