biology Flashcards
brow ridge
a brow ridge is a well developed, bony ridge above and around the eyes.
-protect eyes from powerful forces during chewing and biting
diastema
the space between the teeth for large canine teeth to fit in so other teeth can come together
valgus angle
knee joint is closer to the midline than the hips, so this brings our feet directly below the centre of gravity to allow us to move.
basically, the valgus angle brings our knees closer together.
why do humans need a valgus angle?
= we shift less weight when walking, making it more efficient
= less energy to move means survival
femur
largest bone in human body, it is the thigh bone
human hips are wide apart but shaft of the femur is angled -
1) femur’s job is to hold the weight of body when standing or moving, 2) stabilise you as you move, and 3) connects muscles, tendons, ligaments in hips and knees to the rest of your body
saggital crest
a ridge on the bone running lengthwise along the midline of the top of the skull
-strong jaw muscles attached to it
nuchal crest
extension of the skull to which the neck muscles attach
-keeps the skull balanced on the spinal column / looking forward
canines
large pointed teeth used for holding and killing prey, as weapons or for aggressive display
swagger
answer
arch in foot
answer
condyle in skull
answer
condyle in femur
answer
zygomatic arch
vital muscles for chewing pass through this arch in the cheekbone
-muscles are attached to the mandible (jaw) and skull
prognathism
when the lower portion of the face markedly projects forward
neural spines
answer
foramen magnum
a large hole at the base of the skull
-spinal cord and spinal arteries enter the skull here
