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biology Flashcards
Maltose is a disaccharide made of glucose and fructose moieties in alpha linkages.
false
LH is responsible for spermatogenesis.
false
The respiratory zone is where the gas travels in the lungs.
false
Ribose is a five carbon sugar.
true
The glomerular filtrate is highest in medullary portion of the collecting duct.
true
During the Diastole phase, the SV valves close.
true
Antibodies participate in noncovalent bonding.
true
Oxygen-poor blood has low levels of CO2.
false
The descending limb of the Loop of Henle acts to reabsorb water.
true
Oxygen-rich blood has low levels of bicarbonate.
false
When you exhale, the diaphragm reflexes.
true
Decreasing blood pressure causes an increase in ADH.
true
The secretory phase lasts from day 15-28.
true
FSH is responsible for spermatogenesis.
true
The primary structure of a protein is the polypeptide backbone interactions with hydrogen bonding.
false
The ocular axial length is a biometric measurement principally of the eye. It is the most important factor in determining axial ametropias such as myopia and hyperopia. It has been a factor in relation to many diseases such as diabetic retinopathy, macular degeneration, and even retinal detachment.
A study was conducted to examine the distribution of axial length in populations above the age of eighty-five. To avoid bias, the population was recruited via a population manner.The Ural Very Old Study (UVOS) is a study that was performed in a rural Russian region in a population-based manner. Out of 1882 eligible individuals, only 1526 participated. Those eligible were recruited in a census manner. They were recruited from retirement homes, and they underwent a standardized interview of their social economic backgrounds, diets, smoking and alcohol behavior, and physical activity and condition (such as that of their eyes). The physical examinations also surveyed health information like weight, blood pressure, and pulse rate. A basic eye exam was also conducted prior to the start of the study. Only one eye per participant was included in the statistical analysis and it had been randomly selected for each.The investigation was performed in the hospital setting. The primary reason for individuals not participating was the inability to be transported to the hospital and undergo the hourlong series of examinations in the hospital.
In univariate analysis, a longer axial length was associated with female sex, rural region habitations, taller body height, lower BMI, and higher education. The multivariable analysis was dropped due to a lack of statistical significance in the parameters of the serum concentrations of cholesterol. This study used an older population recruited in a population-based manner to evaluate axial length.
There was a clear association between a longer axial length and taller body height as well as higher education. Likewise, there was a higher prevalence of moderate myopia and higher education as well as lower corneal refraction. In similar studies, similar results were obtained, but this study cannot directly compare to those. The prevalence of high myopia was not significantly related to higher education as that of moderate myopia was. Some findings had limitations that need to be considered.
The study decided to specifically use individuals ages 85 and above. Why might this be?
The older a person is, the more likely they are to experience axial ametropias.
The ocular axial length is a biometric measurement principally of the eye. It is the most important factor in determining axial ametropias such as myopia and hyperopia. It has been a factor in relation to many diseases such as diabetic retinopathy, macular degeneration, and even retinal detachment.
A study was conducted to examine the distribution of axial length in populations above the age of eighty-five. To avoid bias, the population was recruited via a population manner.The Ural Very Old Study (UVOS) is a study that was performed in a rural Russian region in a population-based manner. Out of 1882 eligible individuals, only 1526 participated. Those eligible were recruited in a census manner. They were recruited from retirement homes, and they underwent a standardized interview of their social economic backgrounds, diets, smoking and alcohol behavior, and physical activity and condition (such as that of their eyes). The physical examinations also surveyed health information like weight, blood pressure, and pulse rate. A basic eye exam was also conducted prior to the start of the study. Only one eye per participant was included in the statistical analysis and it had been randomly selected for each.The investigation was performed in the hospital setting. The primary reason for individuals not participating was the inability to be transported to the hospital and undergo the hourlong series of examinations in the hospital.
In univariate analysis, a longer axial length was associated with female sex, rural region habitations, taller body height, lower BMI, and higher education. The multivariable analysis was dropped due to a lack of statistical significance in the parameters of the serum concentrations of cholesterol. This study used an older population recruited in a population-based manner to evaluate axial length.
There was a clear association between a longer axial length and taller body height as well as higher education. Likewise, there was a higher prevalence of moderate myopia and higher education as well as lower corneal refraction. In similar studies, similar results were obtained, but this study cannot directly compare to those. The prevalence of high myopia was not significantly related to higher education as that of moderate myopia was. Some findings had limitations that need to be considered.
What phenomenon is observed in this study?
The relation amongst axial length and moderate myopia having a connection to higher education.
The ocular axial length is a biometric measurement principally of the eye. It is the most important factor in determining axial ametropias such as myopia and hyperopia. It has been a factor in relation to many diseases such as diabetic retinopathy, macular degeneration, and even retinal detachment.
A study was conducted to examine the distribution of axial length in populations above the age of eighty-five. To avoid bias, the population was recruited via a population manner.The Ural Very Old Study (UVOS) is a study that was performed in a rural Russian region in a population-based manner. Out of 1882 eligible individuals, only 1526 participated. Those eligible were recruited in a census manner. They were recruited from retirement homes, and they underwent a standardized interview of their social economic backgrounds, diets, smoking and alcohol behavior, and physical activity and condition (such as that of their eyes). The physical examinations also surveyed health information like weight, blood pressure, and pulse rate. A basic eye exam was also conducted prior to the start of the study. Only one eye per participant was included in the statistical analysis and it had been randomly selected for each.The investigation was performed in the hospital setting. The primary reason for individuals not participating was the inability to be transported to the hospital and undergo the hourlong series of examinations in the hospital.
In univariate analysis, a longer axial length was associated with female sex, rural region habitations, taller body height, lower BMI, and higher education. The multivariable analysis was dropped due to a lack of statistical significance in the parameters of the serum concentrations of cholesterol. This study used an older population recruited in a population-based manner to evaluate axial length.
There was a clear association between a longer axial length and taller body height as well as higher education. Likewise, there was a higher prevalence of moderate myopia and higher education as well as lower corneal refraction. In similar studies, similar results were obtained, but this study cannot directly compare to those. The prevalence of high myopia was not significantly related to higher education as that of moderate myopia was. Some findings had limitations that need to be considered.
The study indicated that the results could not be directly compared to observations of previous investigations. What was different about this study as compared to others based on the information provided that would not allow it to be directly compared?
The study set an age requirement of 85 years old.
The ocular axial length is a biometric measurement principally of the eye. It is the most important factor in determining axial ametropias such as myopia and hyperopia. It has been a factor in relation to many diseases such as diabetic retinopathy, macular degeneration, and even retinal detachment.
A study was conducted to examine the distribution of axial length in populations above the age of eighty-five. To avoid bias, the population was recruited via a population manner.The Ural Very Old Study (UVOS) is a study that was performed in a rural Russian region in a population-based manner. Out of 1882 eligible individuals, only 1526 participated. Those eligible were recruited in a census manner. They were recruited from retirement homes, and they underwent a standardized interview of their social economic backgrounds, diets, smoking and alcohol behavior, and physical activity and condition (such as that of their eyes). The physical examinations also surveyed health information like weight, blood pressure, and pulse rate. A basic eye exam was also conducted prior to the start of the study. Only one eye per participant was included in the statistical analysis and it had been randomly selected for each.The investigation was performed in the hospital setting. The primary reason for individuals not participating was the inability to be transported to the hospital and undergo the hourlong series of examinations in the hospital.
In univariate analysis, a longer axial length was associated with female sex, rural region habitations, taller body height, lower BMI, and higher education. The multivariable analysis was dropped due to a lack of statistical significance in the parameters of the serum concentrations of cholesterol. This study used an older population recruited in a population-based manner to evaluate axial length.
There was a clear association between a longer axial length and taller body height as well as higher education. Likewise, there was a higher prevalence of moderate myopia and higher education as well as lower corneal refraction. In similar studies, similar results were obtained, but this study cannot directly compare to those. The prevalence of high myopia was not significantly related to higher education as that of moderate myopia was. Some findings had limitations that need to be considered.
Only 717 out of the 1882 eligible participants underwent the clinical examination. Would this be considered a limitation?
Yes, because it decreased the amount of data available.
The ocular axial length is a biometric measurement principally of the eye. It is the most important factor in determining axial ametropias such as myopia and hyperopia. It has been a factor in relation to many diseases such as diabetic retinopathy, macular degeneration, and even retinal detachment.
A study was conducted to examine the distribution of axial length in populations above the age of eighty-five. To avoid bias, the population was recruited via a population manner.The Ural Very Old Study (UVOS) is a study that was performed in a rural Russian region in a population-based manner. Out of 1882 eligible individuals, only 1526 participated. Those eligible were recruited in a census manner. They were recruited from retirement homes, and they underwent a standardized interview of their social economic backgrounds, diets, smoking and alcohol behavior, and physical activity and condition (such as that of their eyes). The physical examinations also surveyed health information like weight, blood pressure, and pulse rate. A basic eye exam was also conducted prior to the start of the study. Only one eye per participant was included in the statistical analysis and it had been randomly selected for each.The investigation was performed in the hospital setting. The primary reason for individuals not participating was the inability to be transported to the hospital and undergo the hourlong series of examinations in the hospital.
In univariate analysis, a longer axial length was associated with female sex, rural region habitations, taller body height, lower BMI, and higher education. The multivariable analysis was dropped due to a lack of statistical significance in the parameters of the serum concentrations of cholesterol. This study used an older population recruited in a population-based manner to evaluate axial length.
There was a clear association between a longer axial length and taller body height as well as higher education. Likewise, there was a higher prevalence of moderate myopia and higher education as well as lower corneal refraction. In similar studies, similar results were obtained, but this study cannot directly compare to those. The prevalence of high myopia was not significantly related to higher education as that of moderate myopia was. Some findings had limitations that need to be considered.
What may have led to a bias within the study?
Individuals with biometry were significantly younger.
If you increase PTH, what will happen?
causes calcium levels in blood to rise too high leading to health problems (blood thinning/ kidney stones)
Hill’s coefficient is used to measure?
cooperativity in a binding process
What contains thin filaments only?
I band
What is secreted by alveoli to reduce surface tension?
surfactant
What is the correct number of hydrogen bonding donors and acceptors for thymine?
1, 1
Proteins that are translocated into the nucleus have what?
nuclear localization sequence
Which of the following helps keep things in working memory?
frontal lobe
What hormone promotes the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone?
CRH
When you exhale in the lungs, what happens to the pressure?
increases
A noncompetitive inhibitor binds in what manner?
at an allosteric site separate from the active site of substrate binding
Which endocrine organ releases ADH?
posterior pituitary
Which of the following are considered diploid: primary spermatocyte, primary oocyte, zygote, all of the above
all of the above
Where are ova produced?
follicles
Secondary spermatocytes undergo which of the following processes: mitosis, meiosis I, meiosis II, and degeneration?
meiosis II
What is the equation for calculating ATP equivalents for translation?
amino acid x 4 ATP
During total knee replacement surgery, which type of small, round knee bone would be replaced along with the ends of the long bones?
sesamoid bone
The inflation of the lungs is deemed what?
