Biology Flashcards
What does DNA stand for
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Where is DNA found?
The nucleus of cells
What are individual strands of DNA called?
Chromosomes
DNA has a special structure - what is it called?
A double helix
What is a gene?
A short section of a chromosome
What does each gene do?
Codes for a different characteristic
Genes work in __?__
Pairs
There are different versions of each gene, one is often ___?___ over the others
Dominant
Different versions of a gene are called…
Alleles
Chromosomes are found inside…
the Nucleus of a cell
There are ?? pairs of chromosomes in every human body cell
23
One of each pair of chromosomes comes from each…
Parent
What are chromosomes made up of?
Long lengths of DNA
What is a nucleus?
The location in a eukaryotic cell where the genetic material is stored
What is a Chromosome
The coiled up form of a DNA molecule
What is a gene?
A section of chromosome which codes for a particular characteristic
What are Alleles?
Different versions of the same gene
What does “Dominant” refer to?
A character which is expressed regardless of the paired Allele
What does “Recessive” refer to?
A characteristic which is only expressed if paired with an identical allele
What is a Gamete?
A sex cell, in humans this is an egg or a sperm cell.
What does the term “Homozygous” mean?
Both alleles for a particular characteristic are identical
What does the term “Hetrozygous” refer to?
The alleles for a particular characteristics are different
What is a “Genotype?”
The genes and alleles which determine the characteristics of an organism
What is a “Phenotype?”
The physical expression of the characteristics in an organism
