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Science Y9 > Biology > Flashcards

Biology Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What does DNA stand for

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid

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2
Q

Where is DNA found?

A

The nucleus of cells

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3
Q

What are individual strands of DNA called?

A

Chromosomes

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4
Q

DNA has a special structure - what is it called?

A

A double helix

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5
Q

What is a gene?

A

A short section of a chromosome

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6
Q

What does each gene do?

A

Codes for a different characteristic

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7
Q

Genes work in __?__

A

Pairs

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8
Q

There are different versions of each gene, one is often ___?___ over the others

A

Dominant

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9
Q

Different versions of a gene are called…

A

Alleles

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10
Q

Chromosomes are found inside…

A

the Nucleus of a cell

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11
Q

There are ?? pairs of chromosomes in every human body cell

A

23

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12
Q

One of each pair of chromosomes comes from each…

A

Parent

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13
Q

What are chromosomes made up of?

A

Long lengths of DNA

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14
Q

What is a nucleus?

A

The location in a eukaryotic cell where the genetic material is stored

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15
Q

What is a Chromosome

A

The coiled up form of a DNA molecule

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16
Q

What is a gene?

A

A section of chromosome which codes for a particular characteristic

17
Q

What are Alleles?

A

Different versions of the same gene

18
Q

What does “Dominant” refer to?

A

A character which is expressed regardless of the paired Allele

19
Q

What does “Recessive” refer to?

A

A characteristic which is only expressed if paired with an identical allele

20
Q

What is a Gamete?

A

A sex cell, in humans this is an egg or a sperm cell.

21
Q

What does the term “Homozygous” mean?

A

Both alleles for a particular characteristic are identical

22
Q

What does the term “Hetrozygous” refer to?

A

The alleles for a particular characteristics are different

23
Q

What is a “Genotype?”

A

The genes and alleles which determine the characteristics of an organism

24
Q

What is a “Phenotype?”

A

The physical expression of the characteristics in an organism

Science Y9 (2 decks)

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