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Level 3 Applied Science Unit 05 > Biology > Flashcards

Biology Flashcards

Unit 05 Revision

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are the 4 chambers of the heart?

A

Right atrium, Left atrium, Right ventricle, Left ventricle

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2
Q

Which valve is on the right side of the heart?

A

Tricuspid valve

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3
Q

What is the function of the tricuspid valve?

A

To control the flow of blood from the right atrium to the right ventricle

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4
Q

Which valve is on the left side of the heart?

A

Bicuspid valve

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5
Q

What is the function of the bicuspid valve?

A

Controls the flow of blood from the left ventricle to the aorta

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6
Q

What is the function of the right pulmonary artery?

A

Carries deoxygenated blood to the right lung

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7
Q

What is the function of the aorta?

A

Carries deoxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the rest of the body

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8
Q

What is the function of the left pulmonary artery?

A

Carries deoxygenated blood to the left lung

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9
Q

What is the function of semilunar valve?

A

Prevents backflow of blood from aorta to ventricles

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10
Q

Function of the Septum?

A

Cardiac muscle that divides the left and right side of heart

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11
Q

Function of Purkinje Fibres?

A

Carry nerve impulses to ventricles to ventricles to aid contraction

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12
Q

What is the ABO blood system?

A

A blood type classifying system dependent on A and B antigens/antibodies

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13
Q

Type A Blood

A

Anti-B Antibodies
A Antigen

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14
Q

Type B Blood

A

Anti-A Antibodies
B Antigens

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15
Q

Type AB Blood

A

NO Antibodies
A Antigen and B Antigen

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16
Q

Type O Blood

A

Anti-A Antibodies and Anti-B Antibodies
NO Antigens

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17
Q

What is blood type is the ‘Universal Donor’?

A

Type O Rh Negative blood

18
Q

Factors which can increase CVD

A

Diet
Smoking
Age
Inactivity
Genetics
High Blood Pressure

19
Q

3 types of CVD Treatments

A

Anti-hypertensive (diuretics/ calcium channel blockers)
Statins
Transplantation and Immunosuppression

20
Q

What are the parts of an ECG?

A

The P Wave
The QRS Complex
The T wave

21
Q

The P Wave

A

Indicates atrial depolarization in both left and right atrium. This means there is atrial contraction (atrial systole)

22
Q

The QRS Complex

A

Includes The Q Wave, The R Wave and The S Wave

All 3 waves occur in rapid succession
This complex indicates that the myogenic impulse is travelling across the ventricles to initiate ventricular depolarisation (ventricular systole)

23
Q

The T Wave

A

This indicates Ventricular Repolarization (Ventricular Diastole)

24
Q

What is a normal rhythm of the heart?

A

60-100 bpm.

25
Q

What is the bpm of Bradycardia?

A

Less than 60 bpm

26
Q

What is the bpm of Ventricular Fibrillation?

A

A very irregular ventricular rate

27
Q

What is the bpm of Sinus Arrhythmia?

A

Normal beats but they are triggered at irregular intervals

28
Q

What is the bpm of Tachycardia?

A

More than 100 bpm

29
Q

Parts of a spirometry graph

A

Tidal Volume
Expiratory Reserve Volume
Residual Volume
Vital Capacity
Total Lung Capacity

30
Q

Tidal Volume (TV)

A

Amount of air inhaled or exhaled with each breath under resting conditions

31
Q

Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)

A

Amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled after a normal tidal volume exhalation

32
Q

Residual Volume (RV)

A

Amount of air remaining in the lungs after a forced exhalation

33
Q

Vital Capacity (VC)

A

The difference between the minimum and maximum volume of air in the lungs (TLC-RV).
So the volume between full inspiration (TLC) and full exhalation (RV)

34
Q

Total Lung Capacity (TLC)

A

Maximum amount of air contained in lungs after maximum inhalation

35
Q

Where does ultrafiltration occur?

A

Glomerulus

36
Q

What happens in the descending Loop of Henle?

A

Water leaves by osmosis

37
Q

Where are osmoreceptors?

A

In the hypothalamus

38
Q

What does ADH stand for?

A

Anti diuretic hormone

39
Q

What does the Bowman’s capsule do?

A

Hold the glomerulus

40
Q

Which ions are associated with acids?

A

Level 3 Applied Science Unit 05 (1 decks)

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