Biology

Question 1

What is the definition of a species?

Answer 1

A species is a group of living organisms that are able to interbreed and produce fertile offspring

Question 2

What is the definition of an ecosystem?

Answer 2

An ecosystem consists of all the organisms living in a particular habitat and the non-living components with which the organisms interact

Question 3

What is the definition of a habitat?

Answer 3

The place where an organism lives

Question 4

What is a population?

Answer 4

All of the organisms of the same type living in the same place

Question 5

What is a community?

Answer 5

A group of organisms of different species living in the same place and interacting

Question 6

What is a niche?

Answer 6

The role an organism plays in

Question 7

What is inTERspecific competition?

Answer 7

InTERspecific competition is when individuals of DIFFERENT species require one or few of the same resources

Question 8

What is InTRAspecific competition?

Answer 8

InTRAspecific competition is when individuals of the SAME species fight for one or few of the same resources

Question 9

What are BIOTIC FACTORS

Answer 9

Living factors such as disease, grazing and prey

Question 10

What are ABIOTIC factors

Answer 10

Non living factors like light, temperature and pH

Question 11

What is an indicator species?

Answer 11

Indicator species are species that by their presence or absence indicate environment quality or levels of pollution.

Question 12

What is photosynthesis?

Answer 12

Photosynthesis is a series of enzyme controlled reactions which allow green plants to make glucose using light energy

Question 13

What is the chemical equation for photosynthesis?

Answer 13

CO2 + H2O —> C6 H12 O6 + O2

Question 14

What are raw materials for photosynthesis?

Answer 14

Carbon dioxide and water.

Question 15

What are Essential elements for photosynthesis?

Answer 15

Light energy and chlorophyll

Question 16

What are photosynthesis products?

Answer 16

Glucose and oxygen

Question 17

What is the first and second stage of photosynthesis?

Answer 17

FIRST STAGE: Light Reactions

SECOND STAGE: Carbon Fixation

Question 18

What are photosynthesis limiting factors?

Answer 18

Temperature
Light intensity
CO2 concentration

Question 19

What and a plant do with glucose?

Answer 19

It can convert glucose into starch for storage of energy and it can be converted into cellulose for immediate energy.

Question 20

What is the first thing of a food chain?

Answer 20

Producers, they trap light energy from the sun and maintain life on earth

Question 21

What is a decomposer?

Answer 21

An organism that decomposes organic material.

Question 22

What does each arrow in the food chain represent?

Answer 22

Each arrow in the food chain represents the direction of energy flow.

Question 23

Where does 90% of energy from food go?

Answer 23

Heat Undigested Material Movement

Question 24

How is bioaccumulation caused?

Answer 24

Bioaccumulation is caused by pesticides being built up in living organisms

Question 25

What produce amino acids in plants?

Answer 25

Nitrates

Question 26

What is biological control?

Answer 26

Biological control is the control of the structure of a gene.

Question 27

What is Speciation?

Answer 27

Speciation is the formation of a new species.

Question 28

What molecules can diffuse through cell membranes?

Answer 28

Small, soluble ones like salt and glucose.

Question 29

Where is the site of protein synthesis?

Answer 29

The ribosome

Question 30

Where is the site of photosynthesis?

Answer 30

The chloroplasts

Question 31

Where is the site of aerobic respiration?

Answer 31

The Mitochondria

Question 32

How does glucose, oxygen and amino acids move into the cell?

Answer 32

From a high to a low concentration

Question 33

How does carbon dioxide move out of the cell?

Answer 33

From a high to low concentration

Question 34

What is Osmosis?

Answer 34

Osmosis is the movement of water molecules from a high to low concentration gradient through a selectively permeable membrane.

Question 35

What does passive mean?

Answer 35

It mean something does not require energy

Question 36

Explain Turgid

Answer 36

Water moves inside the cell, and the vacuole swells, cell membrane pushes against cell wall, ONLY IN PLANT CELLS

Question 37

Explain Plasmolysed

Answer 37

Water moves out of the cell membrane, and moves away from the cell wall and the vacuole shrinks - ONLY IN PLANT CELLS

Question 38

What concentration does Diffusion go from

Answer 38

Diffusion goes from a high to low concentration and does not require energy

Question 39

What concentration does active transport go from?

Answer 39

Active goes from a low to high concentration and does require energy

Question 40

What does Adenine pair with?

Answer 40

Thymine

Question 41

What does Cytosine pair with?

Answer 41

Guanine

Question 42

What is a gene?

Answer 42

A Gene is a section of DNA that codes for specific protein.

Question 43

What is mRNA?

Answer 43

mRNA is a molecule which carries a complementary copy of the genetic code from the DNA in the nucleus to a ribosome.

Question 44

What is BAP?

Answer 44

The Order of Bases - determines sequence of amino acids to form a protein

Question 45

Name all the types of protein

Answer 45

Hormonal, Antibody, Receptor and Enzyme

Question 46

What are enzymes?

Answer 46

Enzymes are biological catalysts that are proteins made by all living cells.

Question 47

What does catalase breakdown?

Answer 47

Catalase breaks down hydrogen peroxide to make water and oxygen

Question 48

What is degradation

Answer 48

Degradation is when large molecules are broken down into smaller molecules

Question 49

What is starch broken down into?

Answer 49

Starch is broken down into amylase to produce maltose

Question 50

What is synthesis? (Not photo)

Answer 50

Synthesis is when small simple molecules are joined together to make a large complex molecule.

Question 51

What does phosphorylase make?

Answer 51

Starch molecules

Question 52

Describe genetic engineering

Answer 52

Enzymes cut the required gene from the chromosome, to cut the bacterial plasmid and to seal the newly inserted gene into the plasmid

Question 53

In Fermentation, what is glucose broken down into in animal cells?

Answer 53

Pyruvate, then lactate

Question 54

In Fermentation, what is glucose broken down into in plant and yeast cells?

Answer 54

Pyruvate, then ethanol and carbon dioxide

Question 55

Where does aerobic respiration start and end?

Answer 55

Aerobic respiration starts in cytoplasm and ends in the mitochondria