Biology

Question 1

What cell type is an animal cell?

Answer 1

Eukaryotic

Question 2

Name the function of the cell membrane!

Answer 2

Controls what goes in and out of the cell

Question 3

What happens in the ribosomes?

Answer 3

Protein synthesis takes place

Question 4

What does protein synthesis mean?

Answer 4

To make protein

Question 5

What happens in the mitochondria?

Answer 5

It releases energy for the cell via the process of aerobic respiration

Question 6

What is stored in the nucleus and what does it do?

Answer 6

It contains DNA and controls the activities of the cell

Question 7

What is the cytoplasm?

Answer 7

Its a jelly-like substance where all chemical reactions take place

Question 8

What is an organelle?

Answer 8

Individual components that make up the cell to help it to function

Question 9

How do we write a chemical reaction equation?

Answer 9

reactant + reactant ——–> product + product

Question 10

What is the equation for aerobic respiration?

Answer 10

glucose + oxygen —> carbon dioxide + water

Question 11

What is glucose?

Answer 11

A type of sugar

Question 12

What is carbon dioxide?

Answer 12

A gas we breathe out

Question 13

What is oxygen?

Answer 13

A gas we breathe in

Question 14

What are reactants?

Answer 14

Chemical components that are reacted together

Question 15

What are products?

Answer 15

What is made at the end of a chemical reaction

Question 16

What is aerobic respiration?

Answer 16

A chemical reaction that happens in only the mitochondria to release energy for the cell

Question 17

What are eukaryotic cells?

Answer 17

Any cell or organism that has a nucleus

Question 18

What are 5 main parts of an animal cell?

Answer 18

Nucleus, cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, mitochondria

Question 19

What is the function of the vacuole?

Answer 19

Acts like a pump for the cell to keep a rigid shape for the cell. It contains cell sap which is a weak solution of sugars and salts.

Question 20

What is the function of the cell wall?

Answer 20

Made up of cellulose and maintains the plant cells rigid structure and provides support and strength

Question 21

What is cellulose?

Answer 21

A type of carbohydrate which is made up of long straight lines of glucose

Question 22

What is the function of the chloroplasts?

Answer 22

Where photosynthesis takes place

Question 23

What does the chloroplast contain and what does it do for the plant cell?

Answer 23

Chlorophyll is a green pigment which absorbs light energy for photosynthesis

Question 24

What is an example of a prokaryotic cell?

Answer 24

Bacteria

Question 25

What are prokaryotic cells?

Answer 25

Cells that do not have membrane bound organelles

Question 26

What is chromosonal dna?

Answer 26

Main loops of dna that is free floating in the cytoplasm

Question 27

What are plasmids?

Answer 27

Extra, small, circular loops of dna that can carry antibiotic resistance genes and pass them along several generations

Question 28

What is antibiotic resistance?

Answer 28

A medicine that kills bacteria so some bacteria have small sections of dna that help to become resistant to the antibiotic

Question 29

Where can you find antibiotic resistance?

Answer 29

In plasmids

Question 30

What is the shape of dna?

Answer 30

Double helix

Question 31

Name two differences of a prokaryotic cell?

Answer 31

Ribosomes are smaller, shape of dna is circular

Question 32

Name two differences of a eukaryotic cell?

Answer 32

Have mitocondria, ribosomes are larger

Question 33

What is the function of the flagellum?

Answer 33

Long hair like structure that allows bacteria to move and rotate

Question 34

What is the structure of a bacteria cell?

Answer 34

Flagellum, plasmid, chromosonal dna, cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes

Question 35

What is the equation for magnification?

Answer 35

Image size ÷ actual size

Question 36

How do you get from cm --- >mm ---> μm ---> nm?

Answer 36

cm ----> mm=x10 mm ----> μm=x100 μm ---->nm=x100

Question 37

How do you work out the length of one cell?

Answer 37

Diameter of the field of view ÷ number of cells

Question 38

What is a light microscope?

Answer 38

Uses glass and light to view the specimen

Question 39

What is an electron microscope?

Answer 39

Uses electrons and magnetic lenses to view the specimen

Question 40

How do you work out total magnification?

Answer 40

eye piece lens x objective lens