Biology Flashcards
Hypertonic
solution with the higher concentration of solutes. Shrinking- causes problems and can inhibit proper cell functioning
Isotonic
Solution being compared have equal concentration of solutes. Allows the cells to move water and nutrients in and out of the cells.
Hypotonic
Solution with the lower concentration of solutes. Can swell and eventually burst
Cell Theory
1839- all organisms consist of one or more cells
cells are the basic unit of structure and function for all life
1855- all cells come from preexisting cells (no spontaneous generation)
Mitochondria
generate most of the chemical energy to power cells biochemical reactions
Nucleus
store cells DNA, maintains integrity, facilitates transcription and replication
Cell membrane
interior form outside, semi permeable, regulate transport of materials
Lysosomes
membrane bound cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes. Destroys invading viruses/bacteria (suicide sac)
Golgi apparatus/body
helps process and package proteins and lipid molecules, especially proteins destined to be exported
Ribosomes
micro machine for making proteins, translation of info and linking of amino acids
site of protein synthesis
Cell wall
structural support and a filtering mechanism
Cytoplasm
contains organelles, cell expansion, growth and replication
Endoplasmic reticulum
network of membrane tubes that branch from the nuclear envelope and circulate materials through the cell
Rough ER
ER studded with ribosomes
Smooth ER
ER lacking the ribosomes
