Biology Flashcards
Meaning of plasmids
Controls few actions of the cell.
Plant cell contains
Cell walls Vacole Chloroplast Cell membrane nucleus Chloroplast Mitochondra
Animal cells
Cell membrane
Nucleas
Chloroplasma
mitochondria
Specilised Cells
Cells are made and adapted to their specific. E.g sperm cells have long tails so they can swim and intestine cells have hairs on the end of them so that the cells suface area increase so they can grab more nutrients when the food goes past.
Meaning of osmosis
A membrane that allows some/small molecules through the cell and not others (semi-permeable membrane)
Why do cells need a semi-permeable membrane?
This is so that the cell can increase and decrease its water volume. also so that the cell can control its sugar levels amd other levels.
Meaning of enzymes
They break down substances
What is the lock and key model of enzymes?
Every enzymes are diffrent and they break down diffrent substances but they match the shape of the enzyme that breaks them down. (I can’t put a pic on here so if you are confused search it up)
Meaning of catalyst
A chemical that speeds up a reaction without
What is the optimum temperature for enzymes?
Around 40 degrees
What is the optimum Ph for enzymes?
Around 7Ph
What does optimum mean?
The best that the substance works at. Eg the enzymes work best at 40 degrees that is there optimum temp
Substrate Enzymes Products
Proteins
Carbohydrates
Lipids(Fats)
Enzymes Product
Protease Amino acids
Carbohydrase Sugar
Lipas Glucose/fatty acids
Solid to liquid
Melting
Liquid to gas
Evaporation
