Biology Flashcards
The most abundant glial cell and form the blood brain barrier. They also help recycle NT and provide blood supply to the CNS neurons
Astrocytes
Form the myelin sheath in the CNS
Oligodendrocytes
Have the same functions as astrocytes but instead help PNS neurons
Satellite cells
Produce CSF which cushions the CNS
Ependymal cells
AMINO ACIDS NT
glutamate
GABA
glycine
AMINO ACID DERIVED
Epinephrine
Norepinephrine
Dopamine
Serotonin
Neuropeptides
Short chain AA such as substance P
Gastrotransmitters
Nitric oxide
Other
Acetylcholine
The main excitatory nt of the cns. It is the most abundant nt of the vertebrate ns
Glutamate
Inhibitory nt of the brain
Gaba
Inhibitory ns of the cns
Glycine
Excitatory postsynaptic nt of the sympathetic ns
Epinephrine
Norepinephrine
Excitatory nt of the brain involved in reward motivated behavior
Dopamine
Inhibitory nt of the brain involved in mood, appetite, sleep and learning
Increases contraction of the gastrointestinal tract in response to food intake
Serotonin
Diverse roles involved in a wide range of brain functions
Short chain aa such as substance p
Causes smooth muscle relaxation. In blood Vessels, this results in vasodilation which leads to decreased bp
Unlike other nts it is synthesized and released on demand rather than stored in vessicles
Nitric oxide
Excitatory nt of the neuromuscular junction in vertebrates
Pre synaptic nt of the sympathetic and parasympathetic ns
Post symaptic nt of the parasympathetic ns
Acetylcholine
Telencephalon gives rise to
Cerebrum
Diencephalon gives rise to
Thalamus, hypothalamus, pineal gland
Mesencephalon gives rise to
Midbrain
Metencephalon gives rise to
Pons and cerebellum
Myencephalon gives rise to
Medulla oblongata
Exploitation competition
Indirect. Occurs when common source is depleted
Interference competition
Establishment of other individuals who compete for a mutual resource is prevented
Ex: allelopathy
Intraspecific competition
Between members of the same species
Apparent competition
One predator preys on 2 species.
