Biology 1 Unit 05 Vocabulary Flashcards
A phase in mitosis in which the chromosomes move away toward opposite poles
Anaphase
The period between cell division where the cell grows and matures. This phase is divided into three distinct phases: G1, S, and G2
Interphase
The cycle a body cell goes through during its life. This includes growth phases and mitosis
Cell Cycle
The process by which cells become specialized
Cell Differentiation
% Adenine (A) = % Thymine (T), % Cytosine (C) = % Guanine (G)
Chargaff’s Rule
Completely divides the cell into two cells
Cytokinesis
The double-helix-shaped nucleic acid that contains the genetic information of an organism
DNA
An enzyme that builds new DNA strands by forming covalent bonds between complimentary nucleotides
DNA polymerase
The twisted ladder shape of DNA
Double Helix
A protein that acts as a biological catalyst and speeds up chemical reactions
Enzyme
The enzyme that separates the DNA into two individual strands by breaking the hydrogen bonds between the nitrogen bases
Helicase
An enzyme that re-zips the DNA molecule by forming hydrogen bond between base pairs
Ligase
A phase in mitosis in which the chromosomes line up along the middle of the cell
Metaphase
Process of cell division where an exact copy of a cell is made. This has five phases: interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase
Mitosis
The basic unit of DNA and RNA, consisting of a nitrogen base, a sugar, and a phosphate group
Nucleotide
