Biology 1 Final

Question 1

What is the cell membrane made up of?

Answer 1

Answer: Mainly Phospholipids

Question 2

Define Diffusion

Answer 2

Answer: Particles that move from a greater concentration to a lesser concentration until equilibrium is reached.

Question 3

Define Active Transport

Answer 3

Transports molecules from a low concentration to a high concentration with the use of ATP

Question 4

Define Passive Transport

Answer 4

Transports molecules from a high concentration to a low concentration w/o ATP

Question 5

Explain osmosis

Answer 5

Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane

Question 6

Define hypotonic Solutions

Answer 6

The more dilute solution and comparing two solutions (“lower strengths”)

Question 7

Define isotonic solutions

Answer 7

When concentrations of solutions are the same both solutions (“ equal strength”)

Question 8

Define hypertonic solutions

Answer 8

The more concentrated solution when comparing two solutions

Question 9

Write the formula for photosynthesis

Answer 9

CO2+H20+Sunlight—>C6 H12 O6 + O2

Question 10

Write the formula for cellular respiration

Answer 10

C6 H12 O6+ O2 —> CO2 H20 +ATP

Question 11

What are the three steps of cellular respiration

Answer 11

Glycolysis Krebs cycle and electron transport chain

Question 12

How many net ATP are produced during cellular respiration

Answer 12

38

Question 13

Where does photosynthesis take place

Answer 13

Thylakoids of the chloroplast

Question 14

What is the primary source of energy for all living things

Answer 14

Glucose

Question 15

What is anaerobic respiration

Answer 15

Does not require oxygen and includes glycolysis and fermentation

Question 16

What is aerobic Respiration

Answer 16

Requires oxygen includes the krebs cycle and electron transport chain

Question 17

Compare and contrast DNA and RNA

Answer 17

DNA is double-stranded and has Thymine

RNA is single-stranded and has Uracil

Question 18

What are the four nitrogenous bases of DNA?

Answer 18

Thymine cytosine guanine adenine

Question 19

What are the four nitrogenous bases of RNA

Answer 19

Adenine guanine cytosine uracil

Question 20

What is transcription and where does it take place?

Answer 20

A specific area of DNA is being copied into MRNA (Nuclues)

Question 21

What is translation and where does it take place?

Answer 21

Ribozymes of the cytoplasm

Question 22

Why do cells go to mitosis?

Answer 22

For growth and repair

Question 23

What are the five stages of the cell cycle?

Answer 23

G1, S, G2 mitosis cytokinesis

Question 24

Where are the three checkpoints in the cell cycle

Answer 24

G1 G2 mitosis checkpoint

Question 25

Define a sexual reproduction

Answer 25

Offspring from one parent identical

Question 26

Define sexual reproduction

Answer 26

Offspring from two parents

Question 27

Define gamete

Answer 27

A sex cell

Question 28

Define zygote

Answer 28

Two gametes

Question 29

Define somatic cell

Answer 29

Living organism cell

Question 30

Define diploid

Answer 30

Two sets of chromosomes

Question 31

Define Haploid

Answer 31

One set of chromosomes

Question 32

Define AutoSome

Answer 32

Not a sex chromosome

Question 33

Define sex chromosome

Answer 33

Determines the sex

Question 34

How many chromosomes are in the human somatic body cells

Answer 34

46

Question 35

How many chromosomes are in the human gamete sex cell

Answer 35

23