BIOLOGICAL THEORIES OF CRIME - GENETIC

Question 1

what are the 3 genetic biological theories of crime

Answer 1

jacobs XYY
twin studies
adoption studies

Question 2

what is xyy about

Answer 2

abnormal chromosomes with males having an extra Y

Question 3

how many new borns have an extra Y

Answer 3

1 in 1000

Question 4

how many times more likely with someonw with XYY be in prison?

Answer 4

10x more likely

Question 5

why are men with an xyy chromosome more likely to be in the prison population?

Answer 5

because the extra y chromosome makes them more masculine so they produce more testosterone

Question 6

jacob et al found what to support his theory

Answer 6

a link between aggression to violent behaviour

Question 7

what is another strength of Jacob’s XYY study?

Answer 7

we can see they are more represented in the prison population

Question 8

what did Jacob’s XYY study not look at, which is a limitation?

Answer 8

didn’t look at psychological, environmental and social factors

Question 9

who found that XYY men were not linked to aggression?

Answer 9

Thielgaard

Question 10

what did theilgaard find that is a limitation of jacobs xyy study

Answer 10

that xyy men were not linked to aggression

Question 11

what are the two types of twins in twin studies?

Answer 11

monozygotic that come from one egg and dizygotic which comes from two eggs

Question 12

what is controlled in twin studies?

Answer 12

the environment as they are equal

Question 13

how many MZ twins were in langes study

Answer 13

13

Question 14

how many dz twins were in langes study

Answer 14

17

Question 15

how many of the mz twins were both criminal

Answer 15

10/13

Question 16

how many dz were criminal

Answer 16

2/17

Question 17

what does the statistic of twin studies show?

Answer 17

it is genetic and hereditary

Question 18

what is the chance of one twin taking part in criminal behaviour if they are MZ?

Answer 18

50%

Question 19

what is the chance of one twin taking part in criminal behaviour if they are DZ?

Answer 19

20%

Question 20

why is twin studies being in a controlled environment a strength of the research?

Answer 20

because the researchers didn’t have to manipulate any variables, making it natural reducing investigator/researcher bias

Question 21

limitation of twin

Answer 21

small sample size
not equal numbers of mz and dz

Question 22

research from adoption studies show…

Answer 22

adoptee w/ crim parent is more likely to commit crime

Question 23

out of all adoptees born from a crim parent, who is most likely to participate?

Answer 23

boys

Question 24

out of all types of crime, what are adoptees born from a crim parent most likely to commit?

Answer 24

property crime such as vandalism or burglary

Question 25

what did the study in Iowa prison show?

Answer 25

higher rate of criminal adoptees to commit crime

Question 26

what research is there to support adoption

Answer 26

Mednick et al

Hutchings and Mednick

Question 27

what did Hutchings and Medick find?

Answer 27

boys were criminal convictions were aggressive due to genetics

Question 27

what did Mednick et al find to support twin studies?

Answer 27

adopted parents number of convictions didn’t affect the adoptees chance of getting into crime but the biological parent’s number of convictions did