Biological Science Flashcards
The central nervous system (CNS) consists of the ____1____ and the ____2____.
Brain, spinal cord.
The ____1____ controls voluntary movement, sensory perception, and higher thinking.
Cerebrum.
The ____1____ is responsible for balance, coordination, and fine motor control.
Cerebellum.
The ____1____ regulates body temperature, hunger, and sleep cycles.
Hypothalamus.
The ____1____ controls involuntary functions such as breathing and heart rate.
Medulla oblongata.
The ____1____ connects the brain and body, transmitting signals for movement and reflexes.
Spinal cord.
The peripheral nervous system (PNS) consists of ____1____ and ____2____ neurons.
Sensory, motor.
Sensory neurons carry signals from ____1____ to ____2____.
Receptors, CNS.
Motor neurons transmit signals from ____1____ to ____2____.
CNS, muscles.
The autonomic nervous system controls involuntary functions such as ____1____ and ____2____.
Digestion, heart rate.
Label the structures of a neuron: ____1____, ____2____, ____3____, ____4____, ____5____, ____6____.
Dendrite, cell body, nucleus, axon, myelin sheath, axon terminals.
The function of the ____1____ in a neuron is to receive signals from other neurons.
Dendrite.
The ____1____ carries nerve impulses away from the cell body toward muscles or other neurons.
Axon.
The ____1____ insulates the axon to increase the speed of signal transmission.
Myelin sheath.
A reflex arc is an automatic response to a stimulus, involving a direct connection between ____1____ neurons and ____2____ neurons.
Sensory, motor.
An example of a reflex action is ____1____.
Pulling hand away from a hot surface.
