Biological reactions are regulated by enzymes Flashcards
What is an enzyme?
Globular proteins that act as biological catalysts
what do catalysts do?
Speed up the rate of reaction and remain unchanged
What is a tertiary globular protein?
A protein chain that is folded back on it self into a spherical or globular shape.
Define hydrophilic?
‘hydro’ means water
‘philic’ means loving
water loving (can interact with water)
Define hydrophobic?
‘hydro’ means water
‘phobic’ means fear
Repels water/not absorb water
What 3 bonds hold tertiary proteins?
Hydrogen bonds
Diosulphate bridges
Ionic bonds
Each enzyme has its own sequence of what?
Amino Acids
Enzymes will react with another molecule called a what?
Substrate
The combination of enzyme and substrate is called what?
Enzyme-substrate complex
Why are some enzymes soluble?
The hydrophillic R groups are on the outside of an enzyme
Enzyme+Substrate=Enzyme substrate complex=?
Enzyme+Products
Why do enzymes only act on only one type of substrate molecule?
The shape of the active site allows only one shape of molecule to fit with it
What is activation energy?
Energy is needed to start them off
Define catabolic?
Catalystic reactions where larger molecules are broken into smaller ones
Define anabolic?
Catalystic reactions where small molecules are built up into larger, more complex molecules
