Biological Psychology Terms

Question 1

Dorsal

Answer 1

the top and back part

Question 2

Ventral

Answer 2

Front surface part

Question 3

Anterior

Answer 3

The front end

Question 4

Posterior

Answer 4

The tail end or back end

Question 5

superior

Answer 5

above

Question 6

inferior

Answer 6

Below

Question 7

Lateral

Answer 7

toward the side

Question 8

Medial

Answer 8

Toward the middle

Question 9

FOREBRAIN

Answer 9

-The telencephalon includes the cerebrum.

-This has the cerebral hemispheres whose outer layers are called the cerebral cortex.

-The telencephalon also includes the limbic part and the basal ganglia which are called as subcortical regions. Sub means below/beneath/under, so it refers to deeper parts.

Question 10

FOREBRAIN: CORTEX

Answer 10

Sulcus (the plural form is sulci) is referring to the small grooves here, gyrus (plural form is gyri) is referring to the larger grooves and fissures are the bulges.

Question 11

Insular Cortex

Answer 11

which is responsible for receiving information about taste and primary motor cortex receiving motor information.

Question 12

Corpus Callosum

Answer 12

there is a good communication between right and left side of the hemispheres

Question 13

Left Hemisphere

Answer 13

is dealing with more analytical stuff and serial events. Language abilities are quite related to this hemisphere.

Question 14

Right Hemisphere

Answer 14

The right one on the other hand is more about getting the meaning from its pieces

Question 15

Limbic System

Answer 15

Limbic system is responsible for emotions. The most important parts here are amygdala and hippocampus: Involved in emotions, memory, learning and motivation.

Question 16

Telencephalon

Answer 16

which is called basal ganglia. This baby fish like structure responsible for control of movement (Parkinson’s disease).

Question 17

Diencephalon

Answer 17

Thalamus and hypothalamus are two important parts here

Question 18

Hypothalamus

Answer 18

Hypothalamus is controlling autonomic nervous system as well as conducting our hormonal system (HPA axis and stress response)

Question 19

Thalamus

Answer 19

Hypothalamus is controlling autonomic nervous system as well as conducting our hormonal system (HPA axis and stress response)

Question 20

Cerebrum

Answer 20

The largest part), has two hemispheres.

Question 21

Cortex

Answer 21

Cortex is the outer layer; millions of cells with fibers sending messages to other brain areas.

Question 22

Frontal Lobe

Answer 22

(develops until mid 20s!!!): Personality and emotions, higher thinking skills, like problem solving; and controlling movement.

Question 23

Temporal Lobe

Answer 23

processing hearing and other senses, language and reading.

Question 24

Parietal Lobe

Answer 24

senses, attention, and language.

Question 25

Occipital Lobe

Answer 25

seeing, including recognition of shapes and colors

Question 26

Cerebellum

Answer 26

(lower brain), motor control, coordination, and spatial navigation

Question 27

Brain Stem

Answer 27

which connects the brain to the spinal cord, a nerve pathway sending and receiving information from our senses.

Question 28

Medulla Oblangata

Answer 28

: regulates heart, and other body reflexes (e.g., vomiting, coughing, sneezing, and swallowing)

Question 29

Amygdala

Answer 29

processing emotions

Question 30

Hippocampus

Answer 30

(in the temporal lobe): managing memories

Question 31

Pituitary Gland

Answer 31

(the “master gland”): growth, body temperature, pregnancy and child birth

Question 32

Pineal Gland

Answer 32

sleep and circadian rhythms (biological clock).

Question 33

Tectum and Tegmentum.

Answer 33

Mesencephalon, Midbrain

Question 34

Midbrain

Answer 34

It is responsible for the coordination of muscles and responding to sensory information like sounds and lights.

Question 35

Hindbrain

Answer 35

This part of the brain is responsible for coordination of basic and automatic tasks that are quite vital for the organism.

Question 36

Metencephalon and the Myelencephalon

Answer 36

Hindbrain

Question 37

Pons

Answer 37

is responsible for sleep/wake cycle of our body, Cerebellum needs the pons for communicating with cerebral cortex (the more advanced brain parts).

Question 38

Spinal Cord

Answer 38

cord is kind of a junction of peripheral and central nervous system, connecting the brain to the entire system, very important for the communication between main nervous system parts.

Question 39

Peripheral Nervous System

Answer 39

system system helps the communication between the brain and the rest of the body communicate all the time.

Question 40

Sympathetic System

Answer 40

It arouses the body. Prepares the body to be alert. All these body parts or organs are becoming alerted when sympathetic system is activated. "neurotransmitter called norepinephrine"

Question 41

Parasympathetic System

Answer 41

is for relaxation, telling the body calm down and everything is ok. "neurotransmitter called acetylcholine"

Question 42

PNS’s sensory nerve receptors types

Answer 42

Thermoreceptors: respond to changes in temperature, Photoreceptors: react to light, Chemoreceptors: pay attention to chemicals, Mechanoreceptors: respond to pressure, touch, and vibration, Nociceptors: specialized nerve receptors for pain.

Question 43

-Dissociative Specification

Answer 43

In addition to meeting criteria for diagnosis, an individual experiences high levels of either of the following in reaction to trauma-related stimuli:

Question 44

Depersonalization

Answer 44

Experience of being an outside observer of or detached from oneself

Question 45

Derealization

Answer 45

Experience of unreality, distance, or distortion

Question 46

-Delayed Specification

Answer 46

Full diagnostic criteria are not met until at least six months after the trauma(s), although onset of symptoms may occur immediately.

Question 47

monoamine hypothesis of depression

Answer 47

a lack of neurotransmitters like serotonin and dopamine, two chemicals associated with feelings of pleasure and reward, would lead to depression.