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Psychology. > Biological Psychology MCQs (1). > Flashcards

Biological Psychology MCQs (1). Flashcards

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0
Q

Which of the following is not part of a neuron?

a. axon
b. axon terminal
c. synapse
d. soma

A

c. synapse

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1
Q

The cell body of a neuron is also called a

a. dendrite
b. axon
c. myelin
d. soma

A

d. soma

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2
Q

The nature of a nerve impulse is primarily a/an ________ event; whereas, the nature of the communication between neurons is primarily a/an ________ event.

a. chemical; electrical
b. acetylcholine; catacholamine
c. dendrite; axon
d. electrical; chemical

A

d. electrical; chemical

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3
Q

Acetylcholine, epinephrine, dopamine are

a. prescription-only drugs
b. synapses
c. neurotransmitters
d. betablockers

A

c. neurotransmitters

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7
Q

Ventral is a directional term that in a human refers to:

a. rostral
b. caudal
c. anterior
d. posterior

A

c. anterior

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8
Q

The primary auditory cortex is located in the:

a. temporal lobe
b. frontal lobe
c. parietal lobe
d. occipital lobe

A

a. temporal lobe

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9
Q

A major hormone producing structure in the nervous system is the:

a. pineal gland
b. amygdala
c. pituitary gland
d. hippocampus

A

c. pituitary gland

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10
Q

The thalamus primarily relays which type of information to the cortex?

a. sensory
b. motor
c. emotional
d. hunger and thirst

A

a. sensory

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12
Q

Which part of the limbic system plays a major role in memory functions?

a. cingulate gyrus
b. amygdala
c. hippocampus
d. septum

A

c. hippocampus

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13
Q

The gray matter in the spinal cord consists of:

a. glial cells
b. cell bodies
c. myelinated axons
d. cerebral spinal fluid

A

b. cell bodies

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14
Q

The type of glial cell that can travel through the nervous system is:

a. neurons
b. microglia
c. oligodendrocytes
d. astrocytes

A

b. microglia

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15
Q

The junction between the axon and cell body is called the:

a. axon hillock
b. dendrite
c. presynaptic terminal
d. synaptic cleft

A

a. axon hillock

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16
Q

The main function of the myelin sheath is to

a. form a protective coating over nerve axons.
b. affect the sped of nerve impulses.
c. block the reception of acetylcholine.
d. aid a nerve’s receptivity to neurotransmitters by increasing the number of receptor sites available.

A

a. form a protective coating over nerve axons.

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17
Q

The branching fibres of the ________ end in __________ and links with parts of other neurons.

a. soma; somatic membrane
b. nucleus; nuclei dampers
c. dendrite; dendritic arcs
d. axon; axon terminals

A

d. axon; axon terminals

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18
Q

The charge that exists across the nerve cell membrane is a result of differing

a. amount of DNA and RNA
b. types of neurotransmitters on either side of the nerve cell membrane
c. types of neurons on either side of the nerve cell membrane
d. concentrations of ions on either side of the nerve cell membrane

A

d. concentrations of ions on either side of the nerve cell membrane

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19
Q

An action potential actually occurs because

a. the interior of the nerve cell becomes positive
b. the interior of the nerve cell becomes negative
c. potassium ions enter the nerve cell
d. sodium ions leave the nerve cell

A

d. sodium ions leave the nerve cell

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20
Q

After successfully running from the bear that was running towards you, you pause to catch your breath. The physical symptoms you now experience are controlled by the

a. sympathetic nervous system
b. parasympathetic nervous system
c. central nervous system
d. neurotransmitter acetylcholine

A

b. parasympathetic nervous system

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21
Q

Nerve cell bodies and dendrites are not the only locations sensitive to neurotransmitters. Receptor sites can also be found on

a. muscles and glands
b. skeletal joints
c. axon terminals
d. all vital organs

A

a. muscles and glands

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22
Q

Neurons conduct an action potential

a. when sodium is pumped out of the neuron
b. when molecular gates open to allow sodium ion into a neuron
c. when the electrical stimulation dip below -70millivolts
d. only if surrounded by a myelin sheath

A

b. when molecular gates open to allow sodium ion into a neuron

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23
Q

The ‘emergency’ part of the nervous system that prepares the brain for “fight or flight” is the _________ branch.

a. sympathetic
b. parasympathetic
c. central
d. peripheral

A

a. sympathetic

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24
Q

A barefoot person stepped on a nail and jerks his foot back in response. This response likely involves all parts of the nervous system accept

a. the brain
b. the spinal cord
c. motor neurons
d. connector neurons or interneurons

A

a. the brain

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25
Q

The role of the _________ nervous system is to relax the body and return it to a lower level of arousal.

a. sympathetic
b. parasympathetic
c. endocrine
d. somatic

A

b. parasympathetic

26
Q

Information is first received by a nerve cell at the

a. axon
b. dendrites
c. nucleus
d. telodendria

A

b. dendrites

27
Q

The function of the sympathetic nervous system is to prepare the body for

a. ‘fight or flight’
b. returning to equilibrium
c. state of potential nerve energy
d. action potential

A

a. ‘ fight or flight’

28
Q

Emotional responses to a traumatic event are most directly under the control of

a. somatic nervous system
b. central nervous system
c. autonomic nervous system
d. cerebral cortex

A

c. autonomic nervous system

29
Q

Many of the chemicals that affect the brain operate by

a. absorbing neural impulses
b. imitating or cancelling the effects of neurotransmitters
c. changing the sodium balance in the synapse
d. duplicating the effect of potassium in the nuclei

A

b. imitating or cancelling the effects of neurotransmitters

30
Q

_________ is closely linked to grammar and pronunciation.

a. Aphasia
b. Bronca’s area
c. Wernick’s area
d. Agnosia

A

b. Bronca’s area

31
Q

Damage to the cerebellum will result in

a. heart stoppage or respiratory failure
b. loss of hearing ability
c. loss of muscular coordination
d. a reduction in emotional response

A

c. loss of muscular coordination

32
Q

The sympathetic nervous system is primarily concerned with ______ whereas the parasympathetic system is primarily concerned with ______.

a. Activation of skeletal muscle, activation of smooth muscle
b. Mobilising the body in response to stress, maintaining the body at rest
c. The release of acetylcholine onto target organs, the release of adrenaline
d. All of the above

A

b. Mobilising the body in response to stress, maintaining the body at rest

33
Q

According to the James-Lange theory, it is the ______ that tells the conscious brain it is experiencing emotion.

a. Hypothalamus
b. Amygdala
c. The physiological feedback from the body
d. Visual sensation of the emotional stimulus

A

c. The physiological feedback from the body

34
Q

According to the Cannon-Bard theory of emotion:

a. Cognitive appraisal of the emotional situation has to take place before activation of the sympathetic nervous system can occur
b. There is a different pattern of physiological activity for each emotion
c. The autonomic nervous system responds in exactly the same way to all types of emotion
d. The autonomic nervous system has no role to play in emotion

A

c. The autonomic nervous system responds in exactly the same way to all types of emotion

According to the Cannon Bard theory, the appraisal of the emotional situation takes place at the same time as the sympathetic activation.

35
Q

Which of the following structures does not belong to the limbic system?

a. Amygdala
b. Hypothalamus
c. Hippocampus
d. Striatum

A

d. Striatum

36
Q

In the Papez’s circuit, the ______ projects to the hypothalamus via a long arcing pathway called the fornix.

a. Hippocampus
b. Frontal cortex
c. Amygdala
d. Cingulate cortex

A

a. Hippocampus

37
Q

The amygdala and hippocampus are found in the medial or inner part of the:

a. Parietal lobes
b. Frontal lobes
c. Temporal lobes
d. Cingulate gyrus

A

c. Temporal lobes

38
Q

The nucleus accumbens is generally considered to be part of what brain region?

a. Frontal cortex
b. Thalamus
c. Ventral tegmental area
d. Ventral striatum

A

d. Ventral striatum

39
Q

When we are awake and very alert, the EEG normally shows:

a. Beta waves (13-30 Hz)
b. Alpha waves (8-12 Hz)
c. Delta waves (1-4 Hz)
d. Theta waves (5-7 Hz)

b. Alpha waves (8-12 Hz)
c. Delta waves (1-4 Hz)
d. Theta waves (5-7 Hz)

A

a. Beta waves (13-30 Hz)

Alpha waves are found when the person is awake but relaxed.

40
Q

Which of the following is a characteristic of slow wave sleep?

a. Increased parasympathetic activity
b. Rapid eye movements
c. Increased muscle tone
d. Increased blood flow to the cerebral cortex

A

a. Increased parasympathetic activity

41
Q

Dement and Kleitman (1957) found that when most subjects were woken up during REM sleep they:

a. Could not remember anything
b. Reported dreaming
c. Claimed they had not been sleeping
d. Reported they felt ‘sleepy’ and were disinclined to answer the experimenter’s questions

A

b. Reported dreaming

42
Q

As sleep cycles progress over the course of an average night, the amount of time spent in REM sleep:

a. Decreases
b. Becomes zero (i.e. REM eventually drops out of the sleep cycle)
c. Increases
d. Doesn’t change much

A

c. Increases

43
Q

Within the first few hours of sleep there is a huge surge in the release of:

a. Melatonin
b. Testosterone
c. Cortisol
d. Growth hormone

A

d. Growth hormone

44
Q

Over the life span the greatest proportion of REM sleep occurs in:

a. In the first months of life
b. The onset of adolescence
c. Old age
d. In the later part of gestation

A

d. In the later part of gestation

45
Q

Rechtschaffen et al (1983) has shown that prolonged and forced sleep deprivation in rats:

a. Increases body temperature
b. Causes death
c. Causes hyper excitability
d. Has no obvious effect on behaviour

A

b. Causes death

46
Q

If there is any consistent effect of sleep deprivation on humans it is on:

a. The performance of complex mental tasks that require concentration
b. Paranoia
c. Tasks involving co-ordinated movement
d. Mood

A

a. The performance of complex mental tasks that require concentration

47
Q

The inner core of the brainstem is generally known as the:

a. Pons
b. Reticular formation
c. Medulla oblongata
d. Mesencephalon

A

b. Reticular formation

48
Q

The part of the brain that has been shown to function like a ‘biological clock’ is the:

a. Nucleus of the solitary tract
b. Gigantocellular tegmental field
c. Optic chiasm
d. Suprachiasmatic nucleus

A

d. Suprachiasmatic nucleus

49
Q

The suprachiasmatic nucleus influences the release of melatonin by its effect on the ______.

a. Pituitary gland
b. Thyroid gland
c. Hypothalamus
d. Pineal gland

A

d. Pineal gland

50
Q

In humans, a surge of melatonin release occurs:

a. During the evening
b. During the morning
c. During the night
d. During late afternoon

A

a. During the evening

51
Q

The connected series of fluid-filled cavities that are found throughout the brain are known as the:

a. Vesicles
b. Subarachnoid spaces
c. Ventricles
d. Mirabile

A

c. ventricles

52
Q

According to Descartes, the site at which the mind and body interacted in the brain was the:

a. Hypothalamus
b. Pineal gland
c. Pituitary gland
d. Lateral ventricles

A

b. Pineal Gland

53
Q

Neurons are made up of dendrites, a soma and

a. axons
b. axles
c. atoms
d. axes

A

a. axons

54
Q

The part of the nerve cell specialized for conducting information is the

a. axon.
b. cell body.
c. soma.
d. nerilemma.

A

a. axon.

55
Q

The conduction of a nerve impulse down an axon is called a(a)

a. ion potential
b. action potential
c. resting discharge
d. synapse

A

b. action potential

56
Q

The major divisions of the central nervous system are:

a. brain and spinal cord
b. PNS and CNS
c. PNS and brain
d. ANS and CNS

A

a. brain and spinal cord

Psychology. (1 decks)

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