biological molecules - cations and anions Flashcards
1
Q
what is a cation
A
a positive ion
2
Q
what are 5 important cations
A
Ca2+
Na+
K+
H+
NH4 +
3
Q
2 functions of Ca2+
A
- nerve impulse transmission
- muscle contraction
4
Q
2 functions of Na+
A
- nerve impulse transmission
- kidney function
5
Q
2 functions of K+
A
- nerve impulse transmission
- stomatal opening
6
Q
3 functions of H+
A
- catalysis of reactions
- pH determination and control
- proton pumps (e.g. in plants)
7
Q
1 function of NH4 +
A
- production of nitrate ions
8
Q
what is an anion
A
a negative ion
9
Q
what are 5 important anions
A
NO3 -
HCO3 -
Cl-
PO4 3-
OH-
10
Q
1 function of NO3 -
A
- plant nitrogen supply for amino acid and protein production
11
Q
1 function of HCO3 -
A
- maintenance of blood pH
12
Q
2 functions of Cl-
A
- balance of Na+ and K+ in cells
- enzyme regulation (catalase)
13
Q
4 functions of PO4 3-
A
- formation of phospholipids for cell membrane
- formation of ATP
- formation of nucleic acids
- formation of bones
14
Q
2 functions of OH-
A
- catalysis of reactions
- pH determination and control
