Biological Molecules (BioChem)

Question 1

What does an organism need to be living (some exceptions)

Answer 1

STERNGRR

Question 2

Synthesis

Answer 2

To create larger molecules from smaller ones

Question 3

Transport

Answer 3

To move materials throughout body.

Question 4

Excretion

Answer 4

To remove waste

Question 5

Regulation

Answer 5

To have internal balance “homeostasis”

Question 6

Nutrition

Answer 6

To obtain compounds needed to create energy.

Question 7

Growth

Answer 7

To increase in size

Question 8

Respiration

Answer 8

To break down glucose into energy.

Question 9

Reproduction

Answer 9

To make offspring

Question 10

Metabolism

Answer 10

the chemical reactions in the body’s cells that change food into energy.

Question 11

Homeostasis

Answer 11

internal biological changes automatically made by the body to maintain stable levels (temp, salt, hormones, and metabolic rate)

Question 12

What does S stand for?

Answer 12

Synthesis

Question 13

What does T stand for?

Answer 13

transportation

Question 14

What does E stand for?

Answer 14

excretion

Question 15

What do the Rs stand for

Answer 15

regulation, respiration, reproduction

Question 16

What does the N stand for

Answer 16

nutrients/nutrition

Question 17

What does the G stand for

Answer 17

growth

Question 18

carbohydrate is a polymer made of what monomer

Answer 18

saccharide

Question 19

what is a saccharide

Answer 19

a simple sugar

Question 20

all carbohydrates are made from ONLY these elements:

Answer 20

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen

Question 21

what is the function of a carbohydrate?

Answer 21

main source of energy

Question 22

proteins are a polymer made up of what monomer?

Answer 22

amino acids held together by peptide bonds to make a polypeptide chain

Question 23

what is a polypeptide chain?

Answer 23

amino acids held together by peptide bonds

Question 24

what is the function of proteins

Answer 24

can be enzymes, catalysts, hormones, etc.

Question 25

lipids are a polymer, what is its monomer

Answer 25

fatty acids and glycerol

Question 26

what are fatty acids?

Answer 26

the building blocks of fat

Question 27

what is glycerol?

Answer 27

simple sugar alcohol compound

Question 28

what is the function of lipids in the body?

Answer 28

part of cell membranes that control what goes in and out of cells

Question 29

how do lipids help organisms survive

Answer 29

store energy

Question 30

nucleic acids are a monomer, what is it's polymer

Answer 30

nucleotides

Question 31

what is the function of nucleic acids?

Answer 31

storage of genomic information

Question 32

how do nucleic acids help an organism survive?

Answer 32

carry instructions for the functioning of the cell

Question 33

what is insulin?

Answer 33

a protein that regulates the amount of carbohydrates in the blood

Question 34

how many types of amino acids are there?

Answer 34

300+ but only 20 are needed to synthesize proteins

Question 35

If the body makes protein why do we need to eat protein

Answer 35

the body does not have all the types of amino acids needed to make protein

Question 36

within a cell, which element is found in the greatest amount?

Answer 36

carbon

Question 37

amino acids contain which elements?

Answer 37

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen

Question 38

all organic molecules contain which elements

Answer 38

carbon and hydrogen

Question 39

which substances are most commonly used as building blocks in the synthesis of some lipids

Answer 39

glycerol and fatty acids

Question 40

what elements make up proteins

Answer 40

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen

Question 41

what inorganic compound is needed for many chemical reactions to occur?

Answer 41

water

Question 42

what substances synthesized by the body enable humans to go for a long period of time without eating?

Answer 42

fats and glycogen

Question 43

An inorganic compound essential to the survival of animals is

Answer 43

salt

Question 44

what polymer consists of chains of nucleotides?

Answer 44

Both DNA and RNA molecules

Question 45

Living things are primary composed of what four elements?

Answer 45

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen