Biological Molecules Flashcards
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Monomers
Smaller units from which larger molecules made
Polymers
Molecules made from large number of monikers joined
Condensation reaction
Joins two molecules together to form a chemical bond eliminating molecule of water
Hydrolysis reaction
Breaks chemical bond between 2 molecules and involving use of water molecule
Monosaccharide
Monomers from which larger carbohydrates are made
How is glycosidic bond formed
Condensation reaction between two monosaccharide
3 examples of polysaccharides
Glycogen starch cellulose
Benedict’s test reducing sugar
Heat solution of food with equal vol of Benedict’s solution for 5 min solution turns orange brown if reducing sugar is present
2 groups of lipids
Phospholipids fats
Triglycerides oils
4 roles of lipids
Energy waterproofing insulation protection
Ester bond
Bond formed by condensation reaction between glycerol and fatty acid
Emulsion test lipids
Mix samples with ethanol in tube shake and add water shake again cloudy white colour indicates lipid present
Monomers makeup proteins
Amino acid
Structure of amino acid
………..r……………
h2n.. c .. cooh
……..h…………
Peptide bond formed
Condensation reaction between two amino acids
Polypeptide
Many amino acids joined together
Biuret test for proteins
Mix sample with Hydroxide solution at room temp add dilute copper 2 sulfate mix purple colour indicates peptide bonds present
Enzyme affect Reaction
Lowers activation energy
5 factors enzyme affect
Temp ph enzyme conc substrate conc Inhibitor conc
Competitive inhibitor
Molecule with similar shape to substrate allowing it to occupy active site
Non competitive inhibitor
Molecule changes shape of enzyme by binding
