Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Bio monomers and polymers > Biological Molecules > Flashcards

Biological Molecules Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is Carbon Chemistry?

A

Carbon is the backbone of all life, life is descended from one common ancestor which also used carbon chemistry.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Why is carbon special?

A

It has four bonds allowing it to create more complex molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the four types of biological molecule?

A

Carbs, Lipids, Proteins and nucleic acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What do carbs contain?

A

Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What do lipids contain?

A

Mainly carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What do proteins contain?

A

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sometimes sulfur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What do nucleic acids contain?

A

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are biological molecules known as?

A

Macromolecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are polymers

A

Polymers are built up from repeating smaller building blocks called monomers, each block is bonded together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are monomers

A

induvidual molecules that make up a polymer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are polymers and monomers called in carbs

A

monosaccharides

polysaccharides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are polymers and monomers called in proteins

A

amino acids

polypeptides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are polymers and monomers called in nucleic acids

A

nucleotides

polynucleotides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are lipids (polymers and monomers)

A

they are macromolecules but are not polyemers, they are made up of a number of different base units joined together in a non repeating order

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is a condensation reaction

A

bonding of one monomer to another
this forms a molecule of water
water is formed through the grouping of hydroxl from one monomer and hydgogen from another monomer
the two molecules combine to form a more complex molecule with the removal of water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is a hydrolysis reaction

A

requires water to break the bond

larger molecules are broken down into smaller molecules through the addition of water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what type of reactions are hydrolysis and condenstaion

A

metabolic reaction

18
Q

what are carbahydrate uses

A

source and storage of energy
helps with structre of plants e.g cell wall
only contain hydrogen, oxygen and carbon

19
Q

what is the simplsist form of carbs

A

monosaccharides

20
Q

two monosaccharides

A

disaccharides

21
Q

many monosaccharides

A

polysaccharide

22
Q

features of monosaccharides

A

sweet
soluble
single sugar monomers

23
Q

general formula of monosaccarides

A

(CH2O)n where n is the number of atoms

24
Q

give an example and name the molecular formula off triose

A

C3H6O3

Glyceraldehyde

25
Q

give an example and name the molecular formula off tetrose

A

C4H8O4

Therose

26
Q

give an example and name the molecular formula off pentrose

A

C5H10O5

Ribose

27
Q

give an example and name the molecular formula off hexose

A

C6H12O6

Glucose

28
Q

Why is glucose important?

A

It’s the main source of energy in respiration

It is used as building blocks for larger carbs

29
Q

Properties of glucose making it well adpated for it’s role

A

Small so easily transported in and out of cells through carrier proteins
Soluble so easily transported
Less reactive so break must be catalysed by en\ymes therfore controled by enzymes which controls the rate of respiration

30
Q

What is an isomer of glucose

A

a different structual form of glucose

31
Q

What is an isomer

A

Molecules with the same chemical formula but a differnet arangment of atoms

32
Q

Name the two glucose isomers

A

alpha and beta glucose

33
Q

what is the affect of different isomers

A

differnet polysaccharides are formed

34
Q

what type of sugar is ribose

A

pentose

35
Q

where are ribose sugars found

A 
ATP
ribonucleic acid (RNA)
36
Q

what is a disaccharides

A

where two monosaccharides are bonded together in a condensation raction

37
Q

name 3 features of disaccharides

A

sweet tasting
sugar
soluable

38
Q

alpha glucose and fructose form .. and what its function

A

sucrose, trasnsported through phloem to provide sugars for other parts of plant

39
Q

alpha glucose and galactose form.. and what its fucntion

A

lactose, energy source in mammalian milk

40
Q

alpha glucose and alpha glucose form.. and its function

A

maltose, energy source in germinating seeds

Bio monomers and polymers (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions