Biological Molecules 1A

Question 1

Define Covalent Bonding

Answer 1

Sharing of electrons between two non-metals, forms negative ions

Question 2

Define Ionic Bonding

Answer 2

Transfer of electrons from a metal to a non-metal, metals form positive ions and non-metals form negative ions

Question 3

Hydrogen Bonding

Answer 3

Weak attraction between opposite dipoles

Question 4

What is the monomer for proteins

Answer 4

Amino acids

Question 5

What is the monomer for DNA

Answer 5

Nucleotides

Question 6

What is the monomer for Polysaccharide/ Carbohydrates

Answer 6

Glucose

Question 7

Hydrolysis reaction

Answer 7

Reaction that breaks a chemical bond using water

Question 8

Condensation reaction

Answer 8

Joins two molecules together, creating a chemical bond and a water molecule is released

Question 9

What do monosaccharides condense to form

Answer 9

Polysaccharides

Question 10

What do glycerol and fatty acids condense to form

Answer 10

Lipids

Question 11

List 3 monosaccharides

Answer 11

Glucose, galactose, fructose

Question 12

What are disaccharides

Answer 12

Two monomers joined together

Question 13

How are polysaccharides formed

Answer 13

Made of long chains of monosaccharides, joined by glycosidic bonds in condensation reactions

Question 14

What can alpha glucose polymerise into? Name its properties

Answer 14

Starch, alpha helix coil, insoluble, branched for quick enzyme break down

Question 15

Where is starch found?

Answer 15

Only in plant cells

Question 16

Where is glycogen found?

Answer 16

Animal cells, liver and muscle cells

Question 17

What is structure of glycogen

Answer 17

Long chains of alpha glucose, shorter and more branched for quick enzyme breakdown, insoluble,

Question 18

What is the structure of cellulose

Answer 18

straight, long unbranched chains of beta glucose which run parallel to one another and are cross linked by hydrogen bonds

Question 19

Testing for reducing sugars (monosaccharaides)