Biological molecules Flashcards
What is a monomer
One of many small molecules that combine to form a large one
What is a polymer
Large molecules made up of small repeating units
What is the monomer and polymer for carbohydrate
Monomer- Monosaccharide
Polymer- Polysaccharide
What is the monomer and polymer for proteins.
Monomer- amino acids
Polymer- polypeptide
What is the monomer and polymer for nucleic acid
Monomer- nucleotide
Polymer- DNA
What is the difference between alpha and beta glucose
H is at top for alpha whilst for beta the OH is at top. For 1st of the 5 points
Where is starch found and what is it used for
Starch is found in plants as there main energy storage. Store glucose as starch
What are the 2 different alpha glucose that make up starch
Amylose and amylo pectin
What is amylose made of
Long unbranched chain of alpha glucose. Helical +1,4 glycosidic bonds
What is the shape of amylose and how is it made
The amylose is a coiled structure similar to a cylinder. Made through the angles of the glycosidic bonds
What is amylo pectin made of
Long branched chain of alpha glucose. +1,4 and1,5 glycosidic bonds
Why can the glucose in amylo pectin be released easily
This is because the side branches allow the enzymes that break down the molecule to get at the glycosidic bonds easily
What is the difference between amylo pectin and glycogen
The glycogen has more side branches coming off it
What is cellulose made of
Made of long unbranched chains of beta glucose
What are the fibres that are made through the link of hydrogen bonds called
Microfibrils
